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首页> 外文期刊>Russian Journal of Plant Physiology >Structural and functional characteristics of the mutant plastids from extranuclear variegated forms of sunflower
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Structural and functional characteristics of the mutant plastids from extranuclear variegated forms of sunflower

机译：向日葵核杂色形式的突变体质体的结构和功能特性

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The electron-microscopic analysis of extranuclear variegated forms of sunflower demonstrated that plastids from white leaf areas are practically devoid of inner membrane structures. The mutants and the initial (wild-type) green line were compared by the contents of chlorophyll (Chl), carotenoids, and 70S ribosomes and by the activity of Rubisco. A mutant Var,10 line was used to demonstrate that the primary characteristic manifestations of Chl deficiency include the synchronous retardation of the synthesis of a specific Chl precursor, 5-aminolevulinate, a decrease in the Chl a/b ratio to the level below that in the wild type, and the reduction of photosystem (PS) I Chl luminance. The progress of photodestructive processes in the mutant aggravated the listed disturbances; as a result, PSH complexes and light-harvesting complexes gradually degraded. The manifestation of the trait of Chl-deficiency notably varied depending on plant growth conditions (primarily, temperature and illumination regimes). The dependence of this manifestation on light and temperature was observed only at the early stage of development of pigment-containing tissues. When plants terminated this stage under low irradiation, they did not become Chl-deficient, and when their leaves were subsequently transferred to the conditions promoting the maximum pigment anomaly, the destructive processes did not advance in the mutant tissue. The authors assume that the plastom mutations under study impair the control over the expression of the structural plastogenes that determine the synthesis of pigment and protein components of the photosynthetic apparatus, rather than directly damage to the primary structures of plastogenes.
机译：向日葵核外杂色形式的电子显微镜分析表明，白叶区域的质体实际上没有内膜结构。通过叶绿素（Chl），类胡萝卜素和70S核糖体的含量以及Rubisco的活性比较了突变体和初始（野生型）绿线。使用突变的Var，10品系来证明Chl缺乏的主要特征表现包括特定Chl前体5-氨基乙酰丙酸酯的合成的同步延迟，Chl a / b比值降低至低于Chl a / b的水平。野生型，并降低光系统（PS）I Chl亮度。突变体中光致破坏过程的进展加剧了所列干扰。结果，PSH复合物和光捕获复合物逐渐降解。缺乏Chl的性状表现取决于植物的生长条件（主要是温度和光照方式）。仅在含颜料的组织发育的早期阶段才观察到这种表现对光和温度的依赖性。当植物在低辐射下终止该阶段时，它们并没有变为Chl缺陷，并且当其叶片随后转移到促进最大色素异常的条件下时，破坏过程并未在突变组织中进行。作者认为，研究中的质体突变会损害对决定性光合装置色素和蛋白质成分合成的结构性塑性体表达的控制，而不是直接损害塑性体的一级结构。

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