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首页> 外文期刊>Oecologia >Predator-induced neophobia in juvenile cichlids
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Predator-induced neophobia in juvenile cichlids

机译：捕食者诱发的慈鲷幼年恐惧症

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摘要

Predation is an important but often fluctuating selection factor for prey animals. Accordingly, individuals plastically adopt antipredator strategies in response to current predation risk. Recently, it was proposed that predation risk also plastically induces neophobia (an antipredator response towards novel cues). Previous studies, however, do not allow a differentiation between general neophobia and sensory channel-specific neophobic responses. Therefore, we tested the neophobia hypothesis focusing on adjustment in shoaling behavior in response to a novel cue addressing a different sensory channel than the one from which predation risk was initially perceived. From hatching onwards, juveniles of the cichlid Pelvicachromis taeniatus were exposed to different chemical cues in a split-clutch design: conspecific alarm cues which signal predation risk and heterospecific alarm cues or distilled water as controls. At 2 months of age, their shoaling behavior was examined prior and subsequent to a tactical disturbance cue. We found that fish previously exposed to predation risk formed more compact shoals relative to the control groups in response to the novel disturbance cue. Moreover, the relationship between shoal density and shoal homogeneity was also affected by experienced predation risk. Our findings indicate predator-induced, increased cross-sensory sensitivity towards novel cues making neophobia an effective antipredator mechanism.
机译：捕食是猎物的重要但经常变动的选择因素。因此，个体为了响应当前的捕食风险而采取了反捕食策略。最近，有人提出，掠食风险也可塑性诱发新恐惧症（对新线索的反掠食者反应）。然而，先前的研究不允许区分一般的新恐惧症和感觉通道特异性的新恐惧反应。因此，我们测试了新恐惧症假说，该假说侧重于应对一种新的提示，以应对与最初感觉到被捕食风险不同的感官通道的新型提示，从而调节浅滩行为。从孵化开始，丽鱼隐孢子虫（Pelvicachromis taeniatus）的幼虫以离合离合设计暴露于不同的化学线索：同种警报线索指示捕食风险，异种警报线索或蒸馏水作为对照。在2个月大时，在战术干扰提示之前和之后检查他们的暗沙行为。我们发现，相对于对照组，先前受到捕食风险影响的鱼类在应对新的干扰提示时形成了更紧凑的浅滩。此外，浅滩密度和浅滩均质性之间的关系也受到经验丰富的捕食风险的影响。我们的发现表明，捕食者诱导的对新线索的交叉感觉敏感性增加，使新恐惧症成为有效的抗捕食者机制。

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