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首页> 外文期刊>Oecologia >Density-dependence across dispersal stages in a hermaphrodite land snail: insights from discrete choice models
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Density-dependence across dispersal stages in a hermaphrodite land snail: insights from discrete choice models

机译：雌雄同体蜗牛在扩散阶段的密度依赖性：离散选择模型的见解

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Dispersal movements, i.e. movements leading to gene flow, are key behaviours with important, but only partially understood, consequences for the dynamics and evolution of populations. In particular, density-dependent dispersal has been widely described, yet how it is determined by the interaction with individual traits, and whether density effects differ between the three steps of dispersal (departure, transience, and settlement), remains largely unknown. Using a semi-natural landscape, we studied dispersal choices of Cornu aspersum land snails, a species in which negative effects of crowding are well documented, and analysed them using dispersal discrete choice models, a new method allowing the analysis of dispersal decisions by explicitly considering the characteristics of all available alternatives and their interaction with individual traits. Subadults were more dispersive than adults, confirming existing results. In addition, departure and settlement were both density dependent: snails avoided crowded patches at both ends of the dispersal process, and subadults were more reluctant to settle into crowded patches than adults. Moreover, we found support for carry-over effects of release density on subsequent settlement decisions: snails from crowded contexts were more sensitive to density in their subsequent immigration choices. The fact that settlement decisions were informed indicates that costs of prospecting are not as important as previously thought in snails, and/or that snails use alternative ways to collect information, such as indirect social information (e.g. trail following). The observed density-dependent dispersal dynamics may play an important role in the ability of C. aspersum to successfully colonise frequently human-disturbed habitats around the world.
机译：分散运动，即导致基因流动的运动，是关键的行为，对种群的动态和进化具有重要但仅部分被理解的后果。特别地，已经广泛描述了密度依赖性的分散，但是如何通过与各个性状的相互作用来确定它，以及在分散的三个步骤（离开，短暂和沉降）之间密度效应是否不同仍然是未知的。我们使用半自然景观研究了充分记录了拥挤负面影响的科努（Cornu）散布蜗牛的扩散选择，并使用分散离散选择模型对其进行了分析，这是一种通过明确考虑到分散决策来分析分散决策的新方法所有可用替代方案的特征以及它们与各个特征的相互作用。亚成人比成人更分散，证实了现有结果。另外，离开和定居都与密度有关：蜗牛避免在散布过程的两端拥挤的斑块，并且与成体相比，亚成虫更不愿意安顿到拥挤的斑块中。此外，我们发现支持释放密度对后续定居决策的残留影响：拥挤环境中的蜗牛在随后的移民选择中对密度更敏感。通知定居决定的事实表明探矿成本并不像蜗牛先前所认为的那样重要，和/或蜗牛使用替代方式来收集信息，例如间接的社会信息（例如，追踪线索）。观察到的依赖密度的扩散动力学可能在曲霉梭菌成功定殖于世界范围内经常被人为干扰的栖息地的能力中起重要作用。

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