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Water Structure in the Rainbow Rift Valley and Hydrothermal Plume

机译：彩虹裂谷和热液羽流的水结构

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In autumn 1999, multidisciplinary hydrophsical, hydrochemical, geological, biological, and microbiological research in the region within a radius of 5 miles around the Rainbow hydrothermal field (36deg 14'N, 33deg54'W) in the AMAR rift segment of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge were carried out during 16 submersions of the Mir-1 and Mir-2 deep-water manned submersibles in cruise 42 of R/V Akademik Mstislav keldysh. The data of the measuring complex, consisting of a Mark III B CTD probe, a nephelometer, and 30-liter Niskin bottles, obtained on 10 towed yo-yo sections with a horizontal spacing of 150m were analyzed. The analysis shows that increased concentrations of suspended matter are observed in the layer of the plume spreading, the vertical structure of the distribution of suspended particles has a steplike layered structure, and the temperature and salinity are lower than the background values. In the layers below the plume, the temperature and salinity values increased relative to the ambient ocean waters around the ridge. The results of laboratory modeling of the behavior of a turbulent buoyant jet in a fixed and rotating linearly stratified fluid were carried out, which allowed us to find out how layering is formed in the vertical plume structure due to the spiral twisting of the inflowing stream.
机译：1999年秋天，在大西洋中部AMAR裂谷段彩虹热液场（36deg 14'N，33deg54'W）周围5英里半径范围内的区域内，开展了多学科的水文，水化学，地质，生物学和微生物学研究在R / V Akademik Mstislav keldysh的第42巡航中，Mir-1和Mir-2深水载人潜水器的16次浸没期间进行了测岭。分析了由Mark III B CTD探针，比浊仪和30升Niskin瓶组成的测量复合体的数据，该复合体是在10个拖曳的溜溜球区域（水平距离为150m）上获得的。分析表明，在羽流扩散层中观察到悬浮物浓度增加，悬浮颗粒分布的垂直结构呈阶梯状分层结构，温度和盐度低于背景值。在羽层以下的各层中，温度和盐度值相对于山脊周围的周围海水增加。对固定和旋转的线性分层流体中湍流浮力射流的行为进行了实验室建模，结果使我们能够发现由于流入流的螺旋扭曲而在垂直羽状结构中如何形成分层。

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