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Macrobenthos of the Novaya Zemlya Trough

机译：Novaya Zemlya槽大底栖动物

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摘要

During the 54th cruise of the R/V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh the macrobenthos of the Novaya Zemlya Trough was studied using a Sigsby trawl along the submeridional transect near 75°30'N latitude at a depth range from 68 to 362 m. In total, 140 species of bottom animals were found. The relative role of the taxons was assessed using three indices: the number, biomass, and energy flow. Similarity indices were used for the comparison of the samples. The new material greatly contributes to the data on the composition of the fauna and the structure of the communities of the studied region. It was revealed that small scyphozoid polyps and sipunculoids play an important role in the trough's community. The presence of the community dominated by Ophiocten sericeum (with the important role of small bivalves) was revealed for the first time not only at the eastern by also at the western slope of the Novaya Zemlya Trough. The sharpest changes in the composition and structure of the bottom community were confined to the zone of the transition from the trough floor to the slope. These changes are determined by the specificity of the macrorelief (of the floor and slope), the composition of the ground (soft brown silts abound in rhizopods and dense gray silts with an admixture of pebbles), and possibly by the hydrodynamic processes near the bottom.
机译：在R / V Akademik Mstislav Keldysh的第54次航行中，使用Sigsby拖网沿着北纬75°30'N的水下断面研究了Novaya Zemlya海槽的大型底栖动物，深度范围为68至362 m。总共发现了140种底层动物。使用三个指标评估了分类单元的相对作用：数量，生物量和能流。相似指数用于样品比较。新材料极大地促进了有关动物群的组成和研究区域的群落结构的数据。揭示了小型的鞘状息肉和长刺突类鱼在海槽的群落中起着重要的作用。不仅在东部，而且在Novaya Zemlya槽的西坡，都首次揭示了由蛇形丝藻（具有重要的小双壳类动物）主导的群落的存在。底部群落的组成和结构的最剧烈变化被限制在从谷底到斜坡的过渡区域。这些变化取决于宏观浮雕（地面和坡度）的特殊性，地面的组成（根状足类中富含软的棕色粉砂和带有卵石的浓密灰色粉砂），以及底部附近的水动力过程。 。

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