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Thermodynamics of the stability of supersaturated water-salt solutions and precipitation of calcium carbonates from seawater

机译：过饱和水盐溶液的稳定性和海水中碳酸钙沉淀的热力学

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摘要

Natural waters are often supersaturated by many minerals, but, even at high degrees of supersaturation, no precipitation of minerals from such waters takes place. In terms of the classical theory of crystal generation, this phenomenon has no explanation. A new model of crystal nucleation is presented that considers the dependence of the specific interfacial energy of nucleus on its curvature radius. The stability of supersaturated solutions is shown to be related to the formation of nanosize noncrystalline clusters (quatarons) with the rise of thermodynamical bariers hindering the crystallization of minerals. Quantitative calculations were made using the precipitation of calcium carbonates from seawater as an example.
机译：天然水常常被许多矿物质过饱和，但是，即使在高度过饱和的情况下，也不会从这些水中沉淀出矿物质。根据经典的晶体生成理论，这种现象没有解释。提出了一种新的晶体成核模型，该模型考虑了核的比界面能对其曲率半径的依赖性。已显示过饱和溶液的稳定性与纳米级非晶团簇（quatarons）的形成有关，热力学障碍的出现阻碍了矿物的结晶。以海水中碳酸钙的沉淀为例进行了定量计算。

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