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Identification of Candida species in the clinical laboratory: A review of conventional, commercial, and molecular techniques

机译：在临床实验室中鉴定假丝酵母菌种：常规，商业和分子技术的评述

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摘要

In healthy individuals, Candida species are considered commensal yeasts of the oral cavity. However, these microorganisms can also act as opportunist pathogens, particularly the so-called non-albicans Candida species that are increasingly recognized as important agents of human infection. Several surveys have documented increased rates of C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. guilliermondii, C. dubliniensis, C. parapsilosis, and C. krusei in local and systemic fungal infections. Some of these species are resistant to antifungal agents. Consequently, rapid and correct identification of species can play an important role in the management of candidiasis. Conventional methods for identification of Candida species are based on morphological and physiological attributes. However, accurate identification of all isolates from clinical samples is often complex and time-consuming. Hence, several manual and automated rapid commercial systems for identifying these organisms have been developed, some of which may have significant sensitivity issues. To overcome these limitations, newer molecular typing techniques have been developed that allow accurate and rapid identification of Candida species. This study reviewed the current state of identification methods for yeasts, particularly Candida species.
机译：在健康个体中，念珠菌属被认为是口腔的共生酵母。然而，这些微生物也可以充当机会病原体，尤其是所谓的非白色念珠菌，其越来越被认为是人类感染的重要媒介。几项调查已证明，在局部和全身真菌感染中，毛毛隐孢子虫，热带隐孢子虫，古氏隐孢子虫，杜比尼隐孢子虫，近缘隐孢子虫和克鲁斯隐孢子虫的发病率增加。这些物种中的一些对抗真菌剂具有抗性。因此，快速正确地鉴定物种可以在念珠菌病的管理中发挥重要作用。鉴定念珠菌种类的常规方法是基于形态和生理属性。然而，从临床样品中准确鉴定所有分离株通常是复杂且费时的。因此，已经开发了几种用于识别这些生物的手动和自动快速商业系统，其中一些可能具有重大的敏感性问题。为了克服这些局限性，已经开发了更新的分子分型技术，可以准确快速地鉴定假丝酵母菌种。这项研究回顾了酵母，尤其是念珠菌属的鉴定方法的现状。

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