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首页> 外文期刊>Organic Geochemistry: A Publication of the International Association of Geochemistry and Cosmochemistry >The decomposition of windrowed, chipped logging slash and tree seedling response: A plant growth and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy study
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The decomposition of windrowed, chipped logging slash and tree seedling response: A plant growth and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy study

机译：杂乱无序砍伐的砍伐物和树木幼苗响应的分解：植物生长和核磁共振波谱研究

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摘要

Forest management practices historically have reduced the mass of logging slash to facilitate planting and reduce fire risk. However, coarse woody debris (CWD) is considered an important component of unmanaged forests of western and coastal North America. An experiment was established in northern California using chipped logging slash concentrated in windrows to emulate large fallen logs to determine the effects of alternative logging residue treatments on soil fertility and the performance of planted ponderosa pine. Chip piles warmed faster than mineral soil, but upper regions dried quickly during the dry summers. Fourteen years after planting, growth response was positive, as seedling volume declined with distance from the windrows. After 6 and 10years, chip samples showed little variation in total C, but total N was higher for 10-year samples, with slightly higher values at the base and for N-fertilized sections. Analysis by solid state ~(13)C CPMAS NMR, verified by spin-counting and triplicate analysis showed only subtle differences among 10-year samples, with non-carbohydrate C slightly more abundant at the base of the piles and for windrows originally fertilized with N. However, proton spin relaxation editing (PSRE), based on differences in T1H relaxation rates, was able to distinguish between C in relatively undecomposed lignocellulose (slowly relaxing) and more decomposed material and microbial residues (rapidly relaxing). The small differences between top and base, and between fertilized and control samples were concentrated in the rapidly relaxing component. Bulk composition of 10-year chip windrows was similar to CWD naturally decomposed by white-rot fungi, but PSRE offers a new approach to monitor spatially heterogeneous development of microsites more characteristic of brown rot.
机译：从历史上看，森林管理实践已经减少了伐木砍伐的数量，从而促进了种植并降低了火灾风险。但是，粗木屑（CWD）被认为是北美西部和沿海未管理森林的重要组成部分。在加利福尼亚州北部建立了一个实验，该实验使用集中在行内的切碎的伐木斜线模拟大型倒下的伐木，以确定替代性伐木残渣处理对土壤肥力和种植的美国黄松的影响。碎木桩的升温速度比矿物土壤快，但在干燥的夏季，上部地区的干燥速度很快。播种十四年后，随着苗距随行距的增加而下降，生长反应是积极的。在6年和10年后，芯片样品的总C值几乎没有变化，但10年样品的总N值较高，基部和N受精部分的N值略高。固相〜（13）C CPMAS NMR分析（通过旋转计数和一式三份分析验证）显示，十年样本之间仅存在细微差异，非碳水化合物C的桩基和原本受精的草料堆稍多N.但是，基于T1H弛豫速率的差异，质子自旋弛豫编辑（PSRE）能够区分相对未分解的木质纤维素中的C（缓慢弛豫）和更分解的物质和微生物残留物（迅速弛豫）。顶部和底部之间以及受精样品和对照样品之间的细微差别集中在快速松弛的成分中。 10年切屑堆的大块成分类似于白腐真菌自然分解的CWD，但PSRE提供了一种新方法来监视空间分布的异质性发展，这些站点具有褐腐病的特征。

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