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Blueprints for Change: The Human Sciences and the Coercive Transformation of Deviants in Russia, 1890–1930

机译:变革的蓝图:1890–1930年间的人文科学与俄罗斯信奉者的强制转变

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Drawing on the writings of criminologists and psychiatrists in the late imperial and early Soviet periods, the article argues that Soviet biopsychological constructions of the socially deviant have their origins in the efforts of tsarist liberals to identify and contain the crime and social disorder that accompanied Russia's modernization. While the historiography has traditionally portrayed the Bolshevik Revolution as a tragic overthrow of liberal ideas and values, the article points to important continuities that span the 1917 divide. In the late imperial period, the human sciences began to categorize individuals who posed a biopsychological threat, a "social danger," to the social order. In the wake of the revolution, these ideas became radicalized under the impact of Soviet Marxism to generate indictments of entire social groups and classes.
机译:文章借鉴了帝国主义晚期和苏联初期的犯罪学家和精神病学家的著作,认为苏联社会上越轨的生物心理学建构起因于沙皇自由主义者努力识别和遏制伴随着俄罗斯现代化的犯罪和社会混乱。 。尽管史学传统上将布尔什维克革命描绘为一次自由主义思想和价值观的悲剧性推翻,但这篇文章指出了跨越1917年鸿沟的重要连续性。在帝国末期,人文科学开始对对社会秩序构成生物心理学威胁(即“社会危险”)的个人进行分类。革命后,这些思想在苏联马克思主义的影响下激化,产生了对整个社会团体和阶级的起诉。

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