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The Schooling of Lev Landau:The European Context of Postrevolutionary Soviet Theoretical Physics

机译：列夫·兰道的教育：革命后苏联理论物理学的欧洲语境

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摘要

Theoretical physicist Lev Landau is internationally renowned for his school, whose social and intellectual coherence rests heavily on his personal agency: his brilliance, the scope of his research, his pedagogical program (textbooks and Theoretical Minimum). This essay considers the broader historical factors that made the Landau school possible and sustainable The collective values associated with it were already in circulation in revolutionary Russia Landau's own training took place in an atmosphere of unstable social relations that rewarded behaviors that were neither previously nor subsequently tolerated Yet the Landau school was not sui generis Soviet. It was also the product of Russia's long-standing ties with German physics and of Landau's own intellectual development in interaction with crucial figures such as Niels Bohr Although Landau famously claimed Bohr as his only teacher, he adopted the Bohr "style" in only a very restricted sense and actively discouraged his students from embracing Bohr's epistemological concerns His school was a "purely practical" version of a long intelligentsia tradition.
机译：理论物理学家列夫·兰道（Lev Landau）的学校在国际上享有盛名，他的社会和智力连贯性很大程度上取决于他的个人才能：他的才华，他的研究范围，他的教学计划（教科书和Theoretical Minimum）。本文考虑了使Landau学校成为可能和可持续发展的更广泛的历史因素。与之相关的集体价值观已经在革命的俄罗斯中流传。Landau自己的培训是在不稳定的社会关系氛围中进行的，这种氛围奖励了既往又后来容忍的行为然而，兰道学校并不是专门的苏维埃。它也是俄罗斯与德国物理学的长期联系以及兰道与尼尔斯·玻尔等重要人物互动的自身智力发展的产物。尽管兰道著名地宣称玻尔是他的唯一老师，但他只是在很长一段时间内就采用了玻尔“风格”严格的意识，并积极劝阻他的学生接受布尔的认识论关注。他的学校是悠久的知识分子传统的“纯粹实用”版本。

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