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首页> 外文期刊>Ore Geology Reviews: Journal for Comprehensive Studies of Ore Genesis and Ore Exploration >Fluid evolution of the Tongkuangyu porphyry copper deposit in the Zhongtiaoshan region: Evidence from fluid inclusions
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Fluid evolution of the Tongkuangyu porphyry copper deposit in the Zhongtiaoshan region: Evidence from fluid inclusions

机译：中条山铜矿yu斑岩铜矿床流体演化：流体包裹体证据

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摘要

The Tongkuangyu porphyry copper deposit is located in the Zhongtiaoshan region, southern margin of the North China Craton. More than 2.8 million tons of Cu (Average Cu grade: 0.68%) is hosted in the Paleoproterozoic quartz-monzonite porphyry (2122 ± 10 Ma). The ore-forming processes of the Tongkuangyu porphyry Cu deposit are divided into three mineralization stages, namely the early-, main- and late mineralization stages. The majority of Cu ores were formed in the main stage, which is characterized by veinlets and disseminated chalcopyrite and minor molybdenite, pyrite, magnetite and hematite. Quartz is the major gangue mineral, which occurs as veinlets and associates with metallic minerals.Through systematic petrographic observation, the ore-bearing quartz veins (A-type quartz) and the quartz hosted in chalcopyrite (B-type quartz) were studied in detail to investigate the fluid evolution of the Tongkuangyu porphyry Cu deposit. Four types of fluid inclusions were recognized in the A-type quartz, which include (1) pure vapor or vapor-rich (V-type) inclusions, (2) CO_2-H2O (C-type) inclusions, (3) liquid-rich (L-type) inclusions, and (4) daughter mineral-bearing (S-type) inclusions. S-type inclusions in the main stage A-type quartz contain mainly halite and minor sylvite, calcite, hematite, chalcopyrite and anhydrite, with homogenization temperatures of 233-450 °C. V-type inclusions (coexisting with the S-type inclusions) homogenize to vapor phase at 282-375 °C, suggesting that the ore-forming fluids may have experienced boiling in the main mineralization stage. The late stage S-type inclusions have homogenization temperatures of 186-245 °C and contain largely halite with minor sylvite. Fluid inclusions in the B-type quartz (intergrown with chalcopyrite) are closely associated with the ore-forming processes. The main stage B-type quartz contains predominantly S-type inclusions with homogenization temperatures of 250-412 °C and minor V-type inclusions. On the other hand, the late stage B-type quartz contains abundant S-type inclusions with homogenization temperatures of 195-230 °C and less L-type inclusions. Our results show that the S-type inclusions in both the A- and B-type quartz (of the same ore stage) have very similar homogenization temperatures. Therefore, fluid boiling may have promoted the Cu enrichment in the high salinity fluids and the brine phase is the main metal transport medium in the Tongkuangyu porphyry Cu depositThe common occurrence of hematite and anhydrite daughter minerals in the S-type inclusions further suggests that ferrous ion oxidization may have caused sulfate reduction. This process may have played an important role during the Cu precipitation event. The progressive cooling of fluids and the incorporation of meteoric water in the late mineralization stage possibly resulted in the small-scale vein-type mineralization.
机译：铜矿yu斑岩铜矿床位于华北克拉通南部边缘的中条山地区。古元古代石英蒙脱石斑岩（2122±10 Ma）中蕴藏着超过280万吨铜（平均铜品位：0.68％）。铜矿yu斑岩铜矿床的成矿过程分为三个成矿阶段，即早期，主要和晚期成矿阶段。大部分铜矿形成于主要阶段，其特征是细矿脉和弥散的黄铜矿以及次要辉钼矿，黄铁矿，磁铁矿和赤铁矿。石英是主要的脉石矿物，以细矿形式存在并与金属矿物缔合。研究铜矿yu斑岩铜矿床的流体演化。在A型石英中识别出四种类型的流体夹杂物，包括（1）纯蒸气或富蒸气的（V型）夹杂物，（2）CO_2-H2O（C型）夹杂物，（3）液体-丰富的（L型）夹杂物，以及（4）含子矿物的（S型）夹杂物。主阶段的S型夹杂物A型石英主要包含岩盐和次要钾盐，方解石，赤铁矿，黄铜矿和硬石膏，均质温度为233-450°C。 V型夹杂物（与S型夹杂物共存）在282-375°C下均质化为气相，这表明成矿流体在主要矿化阶段可能经历了沸腾。晚期S型夹杂物的均质温度为186-245°C，主要含有盐岩和次要钾盐。 B型石英（与黄铜矿共生）中的流体包裹体与成矿过程密切相关。主级B型石英主要包含均质温度为250-412°C的S型夹杂物和较小的V型夹杂物。另一方面，后期B型石英包含大量S型夹杂物，均质温度为195-230°C，而L型夹杂物较少。我们的结果表明（同一矿石阶段）A型和B型石英中的S型夹杂物具有非常相似的均质温度。因此，流体沸腾可能促进了高盐度流体中的铜富集，而盐水相是铜矿yu斑岩铜矿床的主要金属运移介质。S型包裹体中赤铁矿和硬石膏子矿的普遍存在进一步表明亚铁离子氧化可能导致硫酸盐还原。这个过程可能在铜沉淀事件中起了重要作用。在矿化后期，流体的逐渐冷却和流星水的引入可能导致小规模的静脉型矿化。

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