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首页> 外文期刊>Ore Geology Reviews: Journal for Comprehensive Studies of Ore Genesis and Ore Exploration >Tectonic, magmatic, and metallogenic evolution of the Tethyan orogen: From subduction to collision
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Tectonic, magmatic, and metallogenic evolution of the Tethyan orogen: From subduction to collision

机译：特提斯造山带的构造，岩浆和成矿演化：从俯冲到碰撞

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This paper reviews the tectonic, magmatic, and metallogenic history of the Tethyan orogen from the Carpathians to Indochina. Focus is placed on the formation of porphyry Cu +/- Mo +/- Au deposits, as being the most characteristic mineral deposit type formed during both subduction and collisional processes in this region. Relatively little is known about the history of the Paleotethys ocean, which opened and closed between Gondwana and Eurasia in the Paleozoic, and few ore deposits are preserved from this period. The Neotethyan ocean opened in the Permian-Early Triassic as the Cimmerian continental fragments (the cores of Turkey, Iran, Tibet, and Indochina) rifted from the northern Gondwana margin and drifted northwards. These microcontinents docked with the Eurasian margin at various points in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic, and formed a complex archipelago involving several small back-arc basins and remnants of the Paleotethyan ocean. The main Neotethyan ocean and these smaller basins were largely eliminated by collision with India and Africa-Arabia in the early Eocene and early-mid Miocene, respectively, although Neotethyan subduction continues beneath the Hellenic arc and the Makran. The majority of porphyry-type deposits are found in association with Neotethyan subduction (mainly in the Mesozoic and Paleogene), and syn- to post-collisional events in the mid-Paleogene to Neogene. They are found throughout the orogen, but some sections are particularly well-endowed, including the Carpathians-Balkans-Rhodopes, eastern Turkey-Lesser Caucasus-NW Iran, SE Iran-SW Pakistan, southern Tibet, and SE Tibet-Indochina. Other sections that appear barren may reflect deeper levels of erosion, young sedimentary cover, or lack of exploration, although there may also be real reasons for low prospectivity in some areas, such as minimal subduction (e.g., the western Mediterranean region) or lithospheric underthrusting (as proposed in western Tibet).
机译：本文回顾了从喀尔巴阡到印度支那特提斯造山带的构造，岩浆和成矿史。重点放在斑岩状的Cu +/- Mo +/- Au矿床的形成上，这是该区域俯冲和碰撞过程中形成的最具特征的矿床类型。关于古生物的海洋的历史知之甚少，该古生物在古生代的冈瓦纳和欧亚大陆之间打开和关闭，在此期间几乎没有保存任何矿床。新特提斯洋在二叠纪-早三叠世打开，是西美利亚大陆碎片（土耳其，伊朗，西藏和印度支那的核心）从冈瓦纳北部边缘裂开并向北漂移。这些微大陆与欧亚大陆边缘在中生代和新生代的不同点对接，并形成了一个复杂的群岛，其中包括几个小型的弧后盆地和古太平洋的残余物。尽管新特提斯俯冲继续在希腊弧和马克兰之下，但新特提斯扬主海和这些较小的盆地在很大程度上分别由于始新世早期和中新世中期与印度和非洲-阿拉伯的碰撞而被消除。多数斑岩型沉积物与新特提斯俯冲作用有关（主要在中生代和古近纪），与古近纪中期到新近纪的碰撞后事件有关。它们遍及整个造山带，但其中一些部分尤为丰富，包括喀尔巴阡-巴尔干-罗多彼山脉，土耳其东部-小高加索地区-西北伊朗，伊朗东南部-巴基斯坦巴基斯坦，西藏南部和西藏南部-印度支那。其他看起来贫瘠的部分可能反映了更深层的侵蚀，较年轻的沉积物覆盖层或缺乏勘探，尽管在某些地区，例如俯冲作用最小（例如，地中海西部地区）或岩石圈下冲作用也很可能是造成远景前景低的真正原因。 （根据西藏西部的建议）。

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