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首页> 外文期刊>Organic Agriculture >Effects of activated charcoal and quebracho tannins added to feed or as soil conditioner on manure quality in organic agriculture
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Effects of activated charcoal and quebracho tannins added to feed or as soil conditioner on manure quality in organic agriculture

机译：饲料中或作为土壤改良剂添加的活性炭和克雷伯乔单宁对有机农业中肥料质量的影响

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Animal manure is one of the major nutrient and carbon (C) sources in many low to medium input systems of irrigated agriculture in subtropical drylands, particularly if managed under the constraints of organic regulations. Under year-round hot and irigated conditions, high losses of C, nitrogen (N) and other nutrients may lead to soil quality deterioration and reduced crop yields. In an effort to develop approaches slowing down decomposition of soil applied manure, activated charcoal (AC) and quebracho tannin extract (QT) were either fed to goats or directly mixed with manure prior to application in a 2-year field experiment conducted with sweet com {Zea mays L.) and radish {Raphanus sativus L.) in the Batinah Plain of Oman. Sun-dried faeces of goatsfed AC had a 15 % higher C concentration and a 25 % higher C/N ratio than pure goat manure, whereas QT feeding only increased sodium (Na) concentration. While sweet corn performed best under equivalent mineral fertilization, the addition of AC and QT togoat feed or to goat manure reduced growth and development ofsweet corn by 20 and 30 %, respectively, compared to pure goat manure, regardless of the application method. Radish yielded highest when fertilized with either pure goat manure or AC-amended goat manure, whereas mineral fertilizer and QT-amended manure applications inhibited its growth. Activated charcoal may be a promising additive to increase soil organic matter and increase soil fertility, if it does not hamper nutrient supply to crops. Quebracho tannins, however, impaired crop production, and further research is needed to evaluate whether tannins from other sources added to agricultural soils have similar detrimental effects on crops.
机译：在亚热带干旱地区，在许多中低比例的灌溉农业输入系统中，动物粪便是主要的养分和碳（C）来源之一，尤其是在有机法规的约束下进行管理时。在全年高温和灌溉条件下，碳，氮（N）和其他养分的大量流失可能导致土壤质量下降和农作物减产。为了开发能够减缓土壤肥料分解的方法，在对甜玉米进行的为期2年的田间试验之前，将活性炭（AC）和牛油草单宁提取物（QT）喂入山羊或与肥料直接混合。阿曼Batinah平原的（Zea mays L.）和萝卜（Raphanus sativus L.）。山羊饲AC的晒干粪便比纯山羊粪肥的C浓度高15％，C / N比高25％，而QT饲喂仅增加钠（Na）浓度。尽管甜玉米在相同的矿物肥料下表现最佳，但无论采用何种施用方法，与纯山羊粪肥相比，向山羊饲料或山羊粪肥中添加AC和QT分别使甜玉米的生长发育降低20％和30％。当用纯山羊粪肥或AC改良山羊粪肥施肥时，萝卜的产量最高，而矿物肥料和QT改良粪肥的施用抑制了其生长。活性炭可能不会增加作物的养分供应，但可能会增加土壤有机质并提高土壤肥力。但是，Quebracho丹宁酸损害了农作物的产量，需要进行进一步的研究来评估从其他来源添加到农业土壤中的丹宁酸是否对作物具有类似的有害影响。

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