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The responsible subject in the global age

机译：全球化时代的负责人

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The first thesis of this article is that the concept of responsibility takes on an unprecedented meaning in the twentieth century resulting from the emergence of a new dimension of the other: to be responsible comes to mean not just to account for oneself in relation to the other, but also to take the other into account, to take care of the other-what I call responsibility towards (the other). The main reason for this change consists in the emergence of global risks and the necessity, as underlined by Hans Jonas, to be responsible for the destiny of the world and future generations. The problem, as explored in the article's second thesis, is that this implies the existence of a subject who is capable of responsibility. Jonas's insights on this point are insufficient, since he only recognizes duty as the fundament for his ethics of responsibility and thus neglects the problem of motivation. This is a particularly crucial problem today as we are witnessing the presence of a pathological subject, characterized by a split in his faculties (between doing and imagining, knowing and feeling). To underline this fact, this article makes use of Günther Anders's reflections, which provide a psycho-anthropological analysis of the subject, showing his pathologies and the necessity, from a moral perspective, to overcome his scission. Finally, this author suggests, as the article's third thesis, that this overcoming is the necessary fundament for the perception of risk, which in turn reinstates the subject's perception of his own vulnerability. Responsibility thus finds a motivation, which is neither altruistic nor duty-centred, in the awareness of our own vulnerability and the bond with the destiny of humankind as a whole.
机译：本文的第一论点是，责任的概念在二十世纪由于另一个新维度的出现而具有空前的含义：责任要意味着不仅要在与他人有关的方面对自己负责，但也要考虑到对方，照顾对方，我称之为对对方负责。发生这种变化的主要原因在于，全球风险的出现以及汉斯·乔纳斯（Hans Jonas）强调必须对世界和子孙后代的命运负责。正如本文第二篇论文所探讨的那样，问题在于这意味着存在一个有责任心的主体。乔纳斯（Jonas）在这一点上的见解是不够的，因为他仅将责任视为他的责任伦理学的基础，因此忽略了动机问题。今天，这是一个特别关键的问题，因为我们正在目睹一个病理学学科的存在，其特点是他的学业分裂（在做事与想象，认识和感觉之间）。为了强调这一事实，本文利用了GüntherAnders的反思，该反思提供了对该主题的心理人类学分析，从道德的角度显示了他的病态和克服他的割断的必要性。最后，作为本文的第三篇论文，作者建议这种克服是感知风险的必要基础，而风险反过来又恢复了受试者对自身脆弱性的感知。因此，责任感是在意识到我们自己的脆弱性以及与整个人类命运的纽带时，既没有利他主义也没有以义务为中心的动机。

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