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首页> 外文期刊>Science and Technology for the Built Environment >Smart grid energy flexible buildings through the use of heat pumps and building thermal mass as energy storage in the Belgian context
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Smart grid energy flexible buildings through the use of heat pumps and building thermal mass as energy storage in the Belgian context

机译：通过使用热泵和建筑物热量作为比利时能源存储的智能电网，为柔性建筑提供能量

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摘要

The management of electricity grids requires the supply and demand of electricity to be in balance at any point in time. To this end, electricity suppliers have to nominate their electricity bids on the day-ahead electricity market so that the forecast supply and demand are in balance. One way to reduce the cost of electricity supply is to minimize the procurement costs of electricity by shifting flexible loads from peak to off-peak hours. This can be done by offering consumers time-of-use variable electricity tariffs as an incentive to shift their demand. This study provides typologies of smart grid energy ready buildings within the context of the Belgian residential building stock and the Belgian day-ahead electricity market. Typical new residential buildings are considered, equipped with air-to-water heat pumps that supply either radiators or a floor heating system. Five heating control strategies are compared in terms of thermal comfort, energy use, cost, and flexibility. Flexibility is quantified in terms of load volumes shifted and in terms of procurement costs avoided. The first three are rule-based control strategies, whereas the last two are a smart grid-oriented optimal predictive control strategy responding to a time-varying electricity price profile. The results show that the smart grid control strategies allow reduction of procurement costs by up to 15% and the consumer's cost by 13%. The flexibility, defined in terms of loads volume shifted, is increased by 3% to 14% with the same thermal comfort. The impact of building insulation level and thermal mass is also evaluated. The flexibility for load shifting is higher when shifting from a low-energy (average U-value of 0.458W/m(2)K) to a very-low-energy house (average U-value of 0.152W/m(2)K).
机译：电网管理要求在任何时间点上电力的供需平衡。为此，电力供应商必须在日间电力市场上提名其电力投标，以使预测的供需平衡。降低电力供应成本的一种方法是通过将灵活的负荷从高峰时段转移到非高峰时段来最大程度地减少电力采购成本。这可以通过向消费者提供使用时间可变的电价来刺激转移他们的需求来实现。这项研究在比利时住宅建筑群和比利时日前电力市场的背景下，提供了智能电网节能建筑的类型。考虑了典型的新住宅建筑，这些建筑配备了空气-水热泵，可为散热器或地板采暖系统供电。在热舒适性，能源使用，成本和灵活性方面比较了五种加热控制策略。灵活性是根据转移的负载量和避免的采购成本来量化的。前三个是基于规则的控制策略，而后两个是响应时变电价曲线的面向智能电网的最优预测控制策略。结果表明，智能电网控制策略可将采购成本降低多达15％，将消费者的成本降低13％。在保持相同的热舒适性的前提下，根据移动的负载量定义的灵活性提高了3％至14％。还评估了建筑物隔热等级和热质量的影响。从低能耗（平均U值为0.458W / m（2）K）转移到低能耗房屋（平均U值为0.152W / m（2））时，负载转移的灵活性更高。 K）。

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