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首页> 外文期刊>Scandinavian Journal of Forest Research >Woodland key habitats in northern Europe: concepts, inventory and protection
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Woodland key habitats in northern Europe: concepts, inventory and protection

机译：北欧林地主要生境：概念，清单和保护

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摘要

The woodland key habitat (WKH) concept has become an essential instrument in biodiversity-orientated forest management in northern Europe. The philosophy behind the concept is basically the same in all of the countries: to conserve the biodiversity of production landscapes by preserving small habitat patches that are supposed to be particularly valuable. This article reviews the definitions, inventories and implementation processes of WKHs in Sweden, Finland, Norway, Latvia, Estonia and Lithuania. Sweden and the Baltic countries have similar WKH models, while the models in Finland and Norway are clearly deviating. Depending on the country, the definitions emphasize different factors, such as soil and bedrock properties, stand structure and occurrence of indicator species. The mean size of the WKHs varies considerably, from 0.7 ha (Finland) to 4.6 ha (Sweden). The degree of formal protection also differs. Preservation of WKHs is primarily based on forest legislation in Finland, Estonia and Latvia, and on forest certification in the other countries. The implementation of the WKH concept is inconsistent between the countries, resulting in different sets of habitats being included in the WKH networks. This makes direct comparisons between the countries difficult, and may hamper the generalization of research results into other areas.
机译：林地关键栖息地（WKH）概念已成为北欧以生物多样性为导向的森林管理的重要手段。该概念背后的理念在所有国家/地区基本相同：通过保护被认为特别有价值的小栖息地来保护生产景观的生物多样性。本文回顾了瑞典，芬兰，挪威，拉脱维亚，爱沙尼亚和立陶宛的WKH的定义，清单和实施过程。瑞典和波罗的海国家的WKH模型相似，而芬兰和挪威的模型则明显不同。定义因国家而异，强调了不同的因素，例如土壤和基岩特性，林分结构和指示物种类的出现。 WKH的平均面积相差很大，从0.7公顷（芬兰）到4.6公顷（瑞典）。正式保护的程度也有所不同。 WKH的保护主要基于芬兰，爱沙尼亚和拉脱维亚的森林立法，以及其他国家的森林认证。 WKH概念在各国之间的执行不一致，导致WKH网络中包含了不同的栖息地集合。这使得难以在国家之间进行直接比较，并且可能妨碍将研究结果推广到其他领域。

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