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首页> 外文期刊>Scandinavian Journal of Metallurgy >ESH: a tundish metallurgical process improving the properties of PM tool steels
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ESH: a tundish metallurgical process improving the properties of PM tool steels

机译：ESH：中间包冶金工艺，用于改善PM工具钢的性能

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摘要

Powder metallurgical (PM) processing of high speed and tool steels by the ASP process result in double the toughness of what can be reached with conventional ingot metallurgy. The reason for this is the fine microstructure in PM steels with a uniform distribution of very small carbides. The ASP steels have been available for many years and are used extensively in advanced tooling applications today. In order to further improve the properties of high strength steels, the causes for fracture initiation have to be eliminated. The large carbide stringers in conventional HSS no longer exist in PM steels, leaving-non metallic inclusions and surface defects as the main sources for crack formation. Consequently, inclusion removal will directly result in higher fracture resistance of PM high speed and tool steels. By incorporating Electro Slag Heating (ESH) in the atomization step of the ASP process, the number and size of non metallic inclusions in the final PM steels have been reduced by more than 90 percent compared to the general level of old PM steels. This paper will describe the characteristics of the process and how the better cleanliness is reflected in improved mechanical properties such as bending strength and impact toughness as well as a higher polishability.
机译：通过ASP工艺对高速钢和工具钢进行粉末冶金（PM）处理，其韧性是传统铸锭冶金技术的两倍。原因是在PM钢中具有良好的微观组织，并且均匀分布着非常小的碳化物。 ASP钢已经有很多年了，并且在当今的先进工具应用中已广泛使用。为了进一步改善高强度钢的性能，必须消除引起断裂的原因。常规HSS中的大型碳化物纵梁在PM钢中不再存在，留下的非金属夹杂物和表面缺陷是形成裂纹的主要来源。因此，去除夹杂物将直接导致PM高速钢和工具钢的抗断裂性更高。通过在ASP工艺的雾化步骤中加入电渣加热（ESH），与旧的PM钢相比，最终的PM钢中非金属夹杂物的数量和尺寸减少了90％以上。本文将描述该工艺的特性，以及如何在改善的机械性能（如弯曲强度和冲击韧性以及更高的抛光性）中体现出更好的清洁度。

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