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Chemical control of mealy bugs (Ferrisia virgata Cockerell) of cashew

机译：腰果粉状臭虫（Ferrisia virgata Cockerell）的化学控制

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Cashew being a dollar earning crop, plays an important role in economy of India. Particularly in Maharashtra, area under this crop was increased many fold in last decade reached to 1.40 lakh hectares. More intensification and area expansion lead toincrease in pests problems also. Filial (1979) and Rai (1984) have given an account of pests infesting cashew. Sundararaju (1993) added some new species and reported total 180 pests infesting cashew from India. In recent past mealy bug Ferrisia virgata Cockerell is observed to be destructive in many cashew orchards from Konkan region and Goa. Though, this pest is sporadic in nature (Dumbre et al. 1987), occasionally it causes considerable damage to cashew crop. Colony develops on young vegetative shoots, leaves, panicles and tender fruits. The nymphs and adults suck the sap from the infested parts due to which flowers are weathered and dried up and fruits shriveled, remain under-developed and some times dried up. The infestation is some times very severe and the whole tree looks white from distance. Due to honeydew secretion of the pest, black sooty mould was also developed on the affected area and leaves. The infestation is very heavy in nursery area particularly on budwood orchards, which affects the quality of bud-stick and ultimately on graft success. Considering severity of the damage and to find out immediate control measures, the study presented hereunder was taken up.
机译：腰果是一种赚钱的作物，在印度经济中起着重要作用。特别是在马哈拉施特拉邦，该作物的收成面积在过去十年中增加了许多倍，达到了140万公顷。进一步的集约化和面积扩大也导致虫害问题增加。 Filial（1979）和Rai（1984）给出了害虫侵害腰果的记载。 Sundararaju（1993）增加了一些新物种，并报告说总共有180种害虫侵害了印度的腰果。在最近的粉虱中，人们发现在来自Konkan地区和果阿的许多腰果园中，Ferrisia virgata Cockerell具有破坏性。虽然，这种有害生物是零星的（Dumbre et al。1987），但偶尔也会对腰果作物造成相当大的损害。菌落生长在年轻的营养枝，叶，穗和嫩果上。若虫和成虫从受感染的部分吸汁液，从而使花朵风化干燥，果实萎缩，发育不全，有时干燥。侵扰有时非常严重，整棵树从远处看起来都是白色的。由于有害生物的蜜露分泌，受影响区域和叶片上也形成了黑烟熏霉。在苗圃地区，尤其是在芽木园上，这种侵扰非常严重，这会影响芽棒的质量，并最终影响嫁接的成功。考虑到损害的严重性并找出立即的控制措施，进行了下面的研究。

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