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Role of blood vessels in the neuronal migration

机译:血管在神经元迁移中的作用

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The proper development and functioning of the vertebrate brain depends on the correct positioning of neuronal precursors which is achieved by the widespread and far-ranging migration of cells from their birthplaces. The vast majority of neuronal precursors use cellular substrates for their migration. Until very recently, it was assumed that these cellular substrates were either glial (glia-mediated or gliophilic migration) or neuronal (neuron-mediated or neurophilic migration) in nature. The widely studied examples of gliophilic and neurophilic migrations in the developing brain are displacement of neuronal precursors along the processes of radial glia in the developing cortex and migration of neurons expressing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) along the vomeronasal axons, respectively. Recent data indicate, however, that neuronal precursors might also use blood vessels as a physical substrate for their migration. The vasculature-guided (vasophilic) migration of neuronal precursors has been observed not only under normal conditions, in the healthy brain, but also following strokes. The purpose of this review is to highlight emerging principles and delineate putative mechanisms of vasculature-guided neuronal migration under both normal and pathological conditions.
机译:脊椎动物大脑的正确发育和功能取决于神经元前体的正确定位,这是通过细胞从其出生地广泛而广泛地迁移而实现的。绝大多数神经元前体使用细胞底物进行迁移。直到最近,人们仍认为这些细胞底物本质上是神经胶质(胶质细胞介导的或胶质的迁移)或神经元的(神经元介导的或亲神经的迁移)。发育中的大脑中的亲液和嗜神经性迁移的广泛研究的例子是神经元前体在发育中的皮质中沿放射状胶质的位移和表达促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)的神经元分别沿犁鼻鼻轴突的迁移。但是,最新数据表明,神经元前体也可能利用血管作为其迁移的物理底物。不仅在正常条件下,在健康的大脑中,而且在中风后,都观察到了神经元前体的血管引导(血管亲和性)迁移。这篇综述的目的是突出在正常和病理情况下脉管系统指导的神经元迁移的新兴原理和描绘的推测机制。

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