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Common medical diseases after liver transplantation.

机译:肝移植后的常见内科疾病。

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摘要

Liver transplantation is now routinely used as a definitive treatment for patients with advanced cirrhosis. As survival after transplantation in most centers is at or above 70% to 80% at 1 year, an increasing number of liver transplant recipients requires further medical care. Several medical complications may develop during the immediate or long-term postoperative periods, including renal dysfunction, arterial hypertension, neurological complications, and psychiatric complications. In addition, other metabolic complications often develop in a more insidious manner, such as obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and posttransplant bone disease. Because the liver allograft function is frequently normal in many recipients experiencing the above-mentioned complications, the gastroenterologist, internist, or family practitioner frequently has a role in the diagnosis and management of these complications. In this review, we discuss the basic pathophysiological concepts and suggest guidelines for the diagnosis and management of frequent medical problems encountered after liver transplantation.
机译:现在,肝移植通常被用作晚期肝硬化患者的最终治疗方法。由于大多数中心的移植后一年生存率为70%到80%或更高,因此越来越多的肝移植接受者需要进一步的医疗护理。术后即刻或长期术后可能会发生几种医学并发症,包括肾功能不全,动脉高压,神经系统并发症和精神科并发症。另外,其他代谢并发症通常以更隐蔽的方式发展,例如肥胖,高脂血症,糖尿病和移植后骨病。因为在经历上述并发症的许多接受者中,肝脏同种异体移植功能通常是正常的,所以肠胃科医生,内科医生或家庭医生经常在这些并发症的诊断和管理中起作用。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了基本的病理生理学概念,并提出了诊断和管理肝移植后遇到的常见医学问题的指南。

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