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Filtering Wind in Infrasound Data by Non-Negative Matrix Factorization

机译:通过非负矩阵分解过滤次声数据中的风

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Infrasonic data at volcanoes have been increasingly analyzed to get information about eruptive activity. Wind noise is an important problem, which cannot be solved using more classical seismological techniques such as deconvolution (Robinson, 1967), as the interaction between wind and original signal cannot be modeled simply as a convolution. The problem has therefore been tackled with a wide spectrum of original approaches, from the use of sensor arrays (Ripepe and Marchetti, 2002; Matoza et al., 2011), to spatial filters consisting of a network of pipes (Hedlin et al., 2003) or the location of the sensors in a densely forested area (Garcés et al., 2003). For arrays of infrasonic sensors, a pure state data-adaptive polarization filter has been proposed by Olson (1982), dependent upon a measure of the multivariate coherence. This cannot, however, be applied to single sensor time series, whereas for monitoring purposes the availability of a single sensor very close to the crater is very important, as it was demonstrated, for example, in the 2011 Shinmoe-dake eruption. To enhance the recognition of infrasound signals of small amplitude produced during that eruption, Ichihara et al. (2012) proposed a method for exploiting the use of a co-located seismometer through the cross-correlation function with seismic data. The appearance of characteristic patterns indicates an infrasound signal possibly originated at the volcanic vent. An alternative strategy was adopted in Cannata et al. (2013) to detect explosive activity of Mt. Etna; in that case the method is based on joint analysis of seismic and infrasonic data by wavelet transform coherence.
机译:越来越多地分析了火山的次声数据,以获取有关喷发活动的信息。风噪声是一个重要的问题,无法使用更经典的地震技术(例如反卷积)解决(Robinson,1967),因为风与原始信号之间的相互作用不能简单地建模为卷积。因此,从传感器阵列的使用(Ripepe和Marchetti,2002; Matoza等,2011)到由管道网络组成的空间过滤器(Hedlin等,2011),各种各样的原始方法已经解决了该问题。 (2003年)或传感器在森林茂密地区的位置(Garcés等人,2003年)。对于次声传感器阵列,Olson(1982)提出了一种纯状态数据自适应偏振滤波器,具体取决于对多元相干性的度量。但是,这不能应用于单个传感器的时间序列,而出于监视目的,非常接近陨石坑的单个传感器的可用性非常重要,例如在2011年的新月喷发中就证明了这一点。为了增强对在喷发过程中产生的小振幅次声信号的识别,Ichihara等人(2003年)提出了一种新的方法。 (2012年)提出了一种通过与地震数据的互相关函数来利用共置地震仪的方法。特征模式的出现表明次声信号可能起源于火山喷口。 Cannata等人采用了一种替代策略。 (2013年)检测山的爆炸活性。埃特纳火山在这种情况下,该方法基于小波变换相干对地震和次声数据的联合分析。

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