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The Statistical Power of Testing Probabilistic Seismic-Hazard Assessments

机译:测试概率地震危险性评估的统计能力

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摘要

Probabilistic seismic-hazard assessment (PSHA) consists of components that are largely empirical with some physical insights (e.g., empirical ground-motion prediction equations and the Gutenberg–Richter magnitude distribution), components that are primarily based on simplified physics with some support from empirical data (e.g., the characteristic earthquake model, Schwartz and Coppersmith, 1984), and geologic information that requires a lot of resources to collect but is yet difficult to assure completeness (e.g., location and dimension of faults). Empirical models do not always have clear physical meanings, and physical models are not always empirically verifiable in all situations. Together with the geologic information that is almost always incomplete (and the degree of completeness unknown), assessing the true hazard level is a formidable task. The current practice of conducting PSHA aims at providing defensible justifications, based on the best available technology and information, for allocating resources to earthquake-resistant design of engineering structures and hazard mitigation in general.
机译:概率地震灾害评估(PSHA)包含大部分具有经验的部分,并具有一些物理洞察力(例如,经验性地面运动预测方程式和古腾堡-里希特震级分布),这些部分主要基于简化的物理学并得到了经验的支持数据(例如特征地震模型,Schwartz和Coppersmith,1984年)以及需要收集大量资源但仍难以确保完整性的地质信息(例如,断层的位置和大小)。经验模型并不总是具有明确的物理含义,物理模型也不总是在所有情况下都可以凭经验验证。加上几乎总是不完整的地质信息(以及完整性的程度未知),评估真实的危害水平是一项艰巨的任务。目前进行PSHA的做法旨在基于最佳可用技术和信息提供合理的理由,以便为工程结构的抗震设计和一般的减灾分配资源。

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