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首页> 外文期刊>Seminars in neonatology: SN >Maturation of peripheral arterial chemoreceptors in relation to neonatal apnoea.
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Maturation of peripheral arterial chemoreceptors in relation to neonatal apnoea.

机译：与新生儿呼吸暂停相关的外周动脉化学感受器成熟。

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摘要

Apnoea and periodic breathing are the hallmarks of breathing for the infant who is born prematurely. Sustained respiration is obtained through modulation of respiratory-related neurons with inputs from the periphery. The peripheral arterial chemoreceptors, uniquely and reflexly change ventilation in response to changes in oxygen tension. The chemoreflex in response to hypoxia is hyperventilation, bradycardia and vasoconstriction. The fast response time of the peripheral arterial chemoreceptors to changes in oxygen and carbon dioxide tension increases the risk of more periodicity in the breathing pattern. As a result of baseline hypoxaemia, peripheral arterial chemoreceptors contribute more to baseline breathing in premature than in term infants. While premature infants may have an augmented chemoreflex, infants who develop bronchopulmonary dysplasia have a blunted chemoreflex at term gestation. The development of chemosensitivity of the peripheral arterial chemoreceptors and environmental factors that might cause maldevelopment of chemosensitivity with continued maturation are reviewed in an attempt to help explain the physiology of apnoea of prematurity and the increased incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) in infants born prematurely and those who are exposed to tobacco smoke.
机译：呼吸暂停和定期呼吸是早产婴儿呼吸的标志。通过用周围的输入调节呼吸相关神经元来获得持续的呼吸。外周动脉化学感受器响应氧张力的变化而独特且反射地改变通气。应对缺氧的化学反射是过度换气，心动过缓和血管收缩。周围动脉化学感受器对氧气和二氧化碳张力变化的快速响应时间增加了呼吸模式中出现更多周期性的风险。由于基线低氧血症，与足月婴儿相比，早产儿外周动脉化学感受器对基线呼吸的贡献更大。早产儿的化学反射可能增强，而发生支气管肺发育不良的婴儿在足月妊娠时的化学反射变钝。综述了外周动脉化学感受器的化学敏感性的发展以及可能导致化学敏感性持续发展的不良环境因素，以试图解释早产呼吸暂停的生理学以及出生婴儿的婴儿猝死综合征（SIDS）的发生率增加以及那些接触烟草烟雾的人。

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