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Perceptual Training of Phoneme Identification for Hearing Loss

机译：听力损失的音素识别的知觉训练

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Synaptic connections in the auditory system change throughout life in response to the changing acoustic environment. These changes help to compensate for sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and the consequent impairment of high-frequency hearing by enhancing the efficiency of synaptic transmission of low-frequency signals. They also help to compensate for the inevitable deterioration in the central auditory system that occurs with normal aging even without clinically significant hearing loss. However, in many cases the neuroplastic changes are insufficient to maintain optimal speech comprehension. Indeed, the enhanced transmission of low-frequency phonetic cues that occurs with longstanding SNHL may interfere with a patient's ability to use the high-frequency phonetic cues that are restored by hearing aids. Adaptive perceptual training using tasks that require high-frequency phonetic cue processing can drive neuroplastic change in auditory cortex to improve speech discrimination. The authors tested the benefits of at-home personal computer-based phoneme identification training in new hearing aid (HA) users and found that it produced significant benefit in phoneme identification by reducing phonetic confusions and enhancing the patient's abilities to identify previously difficult syllables. Perceptual training is a promising and cost-effective tool for enhancing speech perception in HA users who have difficulty in understanding everyday speech.
机译：听觉系统中的突触连接在整个生命中会随着不断变化的声学环境而变化。这些变化通过增强低频信号的突触传输效率，有助于补偿感音神经性听力损失（SNHL）和随之而来的高频听力损害。它们也有助于补偿由于正常衰老而导致的中央听觉系统不可避免的恶化，即使没有临床上明显的听力损失也是如此。但是，在许多情况下，神经塑性变化不足以维持最佳的语音理解能力。实际上，长期存在的SNHL引起的低频语音提示的增强传输可能会干扰患者使用由助听器恢复的高频语音提示的能力。使用需要高频语音提示处理的任务进行的自适应感知训练可以驱动听觉皮层的神经塑性变化，从而改善语音辨别力。作者测试了在家中基于计算机的个人计算机音素识别培训对新助听器（HA）用户的好处，发现该方法通过减少语音混淆并增强患者识别以前困难的音节的能力，在音素识别中产生了显着的益处。感知训练是一种在难以理解日常语音的HA用户中增强语音感知的有前途且具有成本效益的工具。

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