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A laboratory investigation of the anhydrous milkfat fractionation using a membrane technique

机译:使用膜技术进行无水乳脂分离的实验室研究

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Anhydrous milkfat (AMF) exhibits a broad melting point range (-40 to 60 deg C) which can be separated into fractions of different and narrow melting point ranges using membrane technology.In this study,five different hydrophobic polymeric membranes (three composite membranes in the nanofiltration (NF) category,i.e.MWCO (300-400 Da) and (700-1000 Da),and two membranes in the ultrafiltration (UF) category,i.e.polysulfone MWCO 10 kDa and PVDF MWCO 30kDa,were evaluated for AMF fractionation in a stirred and heated cell,in a batch mode filtration.The effect of different operating conditions of pressures (200,300,and 400 psi at constant temperature 55 deg C),fractionating temperatures (40,30,23,20,17,13.5,and 10deg C at the optimum pressure (300 psi)),and stirring speeds (50-600 rpm) were investigated.The fractionation was confirmed by thermal profile analysis and solid fat contents (SFC) for both,the permeate fat and the rejected fat using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).The qualities of milkfat fractions have been assessed using ATR-FTIR spectrophotometer.For an in depth investigation,Raman microscopy and scanning electron microscopy images and spectrum were recorded.The results indicate that at the optimum operating conditions of pressure (300 psi) and moderate stirring speeds (100 rpm),and at constant fractionation temperatures (30,23,20,17,and 13.5 deg C) carried out separately,using the UF membrane (30 kDa),AMF can be successfully fractionated.All fractions have the same quality of the intact fat.A mathematical model based on the experimental data have been derived to predict milkfat permeate (g min~(-1)) at different operating temperatures (deg C).
机译:无水乳脂(AMF)表现出较宽的熔点范围(-40至60摄氏度),可使用膜技术将其分离为不同且熔点范围狭窄的馏分。在这项研究中,五种不同的疏水性聚合物膜(三种复合膜在纳滤(NF)类中,即MWCO(300-400 Da)和(700-1000 Da),以及在超滤(UF)类中的两个膜,即聚砜MWCO 10 kDa和PVDF MWCO 30kDa,对AMF分馏进行了评估。搅拌和加热的池,以分批模式进行过滤。在压力(200,300和400 psi,恒定温度55摄氏度),分馏温度(40、30、23、20、17、13.5和在最佳压力(300 psi)下于10°C的温度下进行了研究,并研究了搅拌速度(50-600 rpm)。通过热曲线分析和固体脂肪含量(SFC)确定了渗透脂肪和废脂肪的分馏率差示扫描量热法(DSC)使用ATR-FTIR分光光度计对乳脂级分进行了评估。为了进行深入研究,记录了拉曼显微镜和扫描电子显微镜的图像和光谱,结果表明在最佳操作条件下压力(300 psi)和中等搅拌速度(100 rpm),并在恒定分馏温度(30、23、20、17和13.5摄氏度)下分别进行操作,使用UF膜(30 kDa),可以成功分馏AMF。所有馏分的质量与建立了基于实验数据的数学模型,以预测不同工作温度(摄氏度)下的乳脂渗透物(g min〜(-1))。

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