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The online generation and application of ferrate(VI) for sewage treatment-A pilot scale trial

机译：高铁酸盐在污水处理中的在线生成与应用-中试研究

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Ferrate(VI) is an oxidant; under acidic conditions, the redox potential of ferrate(VI) salt is the strongest among all oxidants used for water and wastewater treatment. Ferrate(VI) is also a coagulant; during the oxidation process, ferrate(VI) ions are reduced to Fe(III) ions or ferric hydroxide, which simultaneously generates a coagulant in a single dosing and mixing unit process. The superior performance of ferrate(VI) as an oxidant/disinfectant and coagulant in water and wastewater treatment has been extensively studied. However, challenges have existed to the implementation of ferrate(VI) technology in water and wastewater treatment practice due to the instability of the ferrate(VI) solutions and a high preparation cost of a solid ferrate(VI). It would be an ideal approach to generate ferrate(VI) in situ and apply the generated ferrate(VI) directly for wastewater treatment. This paper reports the online preparation and use of fer-rate(VI) for sewage treatment at a pilot scale applied in a wastewater treatment plant in the UK. The technology has been demonstrated to be promising in terms of removing suspended solids, phosphate, COD and BOD at a very low dose range, 0.005-0.04 mg 1~(-1) as Fe~(6+) in comparison with a normal coagulant, ferric sulphate at high doses, ranging between 25 and 50 mg l~(-1) as Fe~(3+). In terms of the similar sewage treatment performance achieved, the required dose with ferrate(VI) was 100 times less than that with ferric sulphate. However, the full operating cost needs further assessment before the ferrate(VI) technology could be implemented in a full scale water or wastewater treatment.
机译：高铁酸盐（VI）是一种氧化剂;在酸性条件下，高铁酸盐（VI）盐的氧化还原电位在用于水和废水处理的所有氧化剂中最强。高铁酸盐（VI）也是一种凝结剂。在氧化过程中，高铁酸盐（VI）离子被还原为Fe（III）离子或氢氧化铁，在单个配料和混合单元过程中同时生成凝结剂。高铁酸盐（VI）在水和废水处理中作为氧化剂/消毒剂和凝结剂的优异性能已得到广泛研究。然而，由于高铁酸盐（VI）溶液的不稳定性和固体高铁酸盐（VI）的高制备成本，在水和废水处理实践中实施高铁酸盐（VI）技术存在挑战。这是一种理想的原位生成高铁酸盐（VI）并将生成的高铁酸盐（VI）直接用于废水处理的理想方法。本文报道了在英国的污水处理厂中以试点规模在线制备和使用高铁（VI）进行污水处理的情况。在非常低的剂量范围内（与普通凝结剂相比，0.005-0.04 mg 1〜（-1）作为Fe〜（6+）），该技术在去除悬浮固体，磷酸盐，COD和BOD方面具有广阔的前景，高剂量的硫酸铁，介于25至50 mg l〜（-1）之间，为Fe〜（3+）。就所获得的相似的污水处理性能而言，高铁酸盐（VI）的所需剂量比硫酸铁的所需剂量低100倍。但是，在将高铁酸盐（VI）技术用于大规模水处理或废水处理之前，需要进一步评估全部运营成本。

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