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首页> 外文期刊>Separation and Purification Technology >Enhanced coagulation under changing alkalinity-hardness conditions and its implications on trihalomethane precursors removal and relationship with UV absorbance
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Enhanced coagulation under changing alkalinity-hardness conditions and its implications on trihalomethane precursors removal and relationship with UV absorbance

机译：在变化的碱度-硬度条件下增强的混凝作用及其对三卤甲烷前体的去除作用及其与紫外线吸收的关系

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This study evaluates the effectiveness of aluminium sulphate(alum)and polyaluminium chloride(PAC1)as coagulants for the treatment of surface water with low DOC(2.1-2.4 mg/L)and at two alkalinity-hardness levels.Effectiveness was evaluated by measurement of DOC,UV absorbance at 254 nm(UV254),and different trihalomethane formation potential(THMFP)tests.PAC1 showed higher removal efficiency for all the analyzed variables and under both high and low alkalinity-hardness conditions.Results also showed that alum coagulation is more sensitive to operational conditions,especially pH.Maximum differences between coagulants were observed in the removal of final THMFP with average values(n=48)being 48 and 31%.This difference was maximum when coagulation-flocculation was carried out at pH 8.0.Comparison of full scale Plant data and jar test data revealed that optimization based on DOC and UV_(254)removal does not ensure optimum results for THMs precursors removal.Solution pH above 6.0 units ensures acceptable residual levels of dissolved aluminium(<0.2 mg Al~(3+)/L).Precursor removal optimization did not compromise residual aluminium requirements.After treatment a noticeable increase in the contribution of low molecular weight molecules to the THMFP was observed.Under high alkalinity-hardness conditions bromine incorporation factor(BIF)of treated water is much more sensitive to the type of coagulant used.Results of BIF suggest that at higher alkalinity-hardness levels hydrophilic natural organic matter(NOM)is better removed.Finally,the relationship between removal of UV absorbance and removal of THMFP was investigated.Results suggest that this relationship is more accurate and more reliable when PAC1 is used.
机译：本研究评估了硫酸铝（alum）和聚氯化铝（PAC1）作为混凝剂处理低DOC（2.1-2.4 mg / L）和两个碱度-硬度水平的地表水的有效性。 DOC，254 nm的紫外吸光度（UV254）和不同的三卤甲烷形成电势（THMFP）测试.PAC1在所有分析变量以及高碱度和低碱度条件下均显示出较高的去除效率。结果还显示明矾凝结更多最终THMFP的去除率最高（n = 48），分别为48％和31％，在操作条件下尤其是pH值之间存在最大的凝结剂差异。当在pH 8.0下进行混凝-絮凝时，该差异最大。工厂数据和广口瓶测试数据的全部数据显示，基于DOC和UV_（254）去除的优化无法确保THMs前体去除的最佳结果。溶液pH值超过6.0单位可确保可接受的溶解铝残留量（<0.2 mg Al〜（3 +）/ L）。前体去除优化不影响残留铝的要求。处理后，低分子量分子对THMFP的贡献显着增加。高碱度-硬度条件处理过的水中的溴掺入因子（BIF）对所用的混凝剂类型更为敏感。BIF结果表明，在较高的碱度-硬度水平下，亲水性天然有机物（NOM）的去除效果更好。研究了紫外线吸收率与THMFP去除率之间的关系。结果表明，使用PAC1时，这种关系更准确，更可靠。

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