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首页> 外文期刊>Seminars in cancer biology >The angiogenic switch in carcinogenesis.
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The angiogenic switch in carcinogenesis.

机译：致癌作用中的血管生成转换。

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Coined in the late eighties, the term "angiogenic switch" refers to a time-restricted event during tumor progression where the balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors tilts towards a pro-angiogenic outcome, resulting in the transition from dormant avascularized hyperplasia to outgrowing vascularized tumor and eventually to malignant tumor progression. The molecular players and mechanisms underlying the angiogenic switch have been intensely investigated. In particular, a large number of pro-angiogenic factors and angiogenic inhibitors activated and repressed, respectively, in their activities during the angiogenic switch have been identified and characterized. Part of this research has lead to the development of various pro- and anti-angiogenic therapies that are currently tested in clinical trials or are already in clinical use. More recently, transgenic mouse models of cancer have been instrumental in revealing that inflammatory responses within the tumor microenvironment are critically contributing to the onset of tumor angiogenesis. These mouse models closely recapitulate multistage carcinogenesis in cancer patients and represent reliable tools to study the molecular and cellular players implicated in the onset and maintenance of tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, they also offer the opportunity to assess the efficacy of novel anti-angiogenic cancer therapies and the nature of developing resistance mechanisms. These experiments have provided first important concepts to improve anti-angiogenic therapy and thus directly contribute to their translation to the clinical setting.
机译：在八十年代末，术语“血管生成转换”是指肿瘤发展过程中的时间受限事件，其中促血管生成因子和抗血管生成因子之间的平衡趋于促血管生成结果，从而导致从休眠的无血管化增生转变为血管生成增生。生长于血管化肿瘤，最终发展为恶性肿瘤。深入研究了血管生成转换的分子机制和机制。特别地，已经鉴定并表征了在促血管生成转换期间其活性中分别被激活和抑制的大量促血管生成因子和血管生成抑制剂。这项研究的一部分导致了各种促血管生成和抗血管生成疗法的开发，这些疗法目前正在临床试验中进行测试，或者已经在临床中使用。最近，癌症的转基因小鼠模型在揭示肿瘤微环境内的炎症反应对肿瘤血管生成的发生起关键作用方面发挥了重要作用。这些小鼠模型密切概括了癌症患者的多阶段癌变过程，并代表了可靠的工具来研究与肿瘤血管生成的发生和维持有关的分子和细胞因子。此外，它们还提供了评估新型抗血管生成癌症疗法的功效以及发展耐药机制性质的机会。这些实验提供了改善抗血管生成治疗的第一个重要概念，因此直接有助于其转化为临床环境。

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