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首页> 外文期刊>Seminars in cancer biology >Bladder cancer, a two phased disease?
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Bladder cancer, a two phased disease?

机译：膀胱癌，两阶段性疾病？

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摘要

The processes of intraepithelial migration, intraluminal seeding, and field cancerization as models for initiation, spread, and recurrences of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) are reviewed in light of recent molecular investigations. The accumulated molecular data on synchronous and metachronous tumors indicate that the majority of recurrent and multiple tumors are monoclonal. Molecular data has also shown the presence of chromosomal and genetic changes in precursor lesions as well as in normal urothelial cells. Genetic-histological mapping of cystectomized bladders has shown that overt tumors occur as local events in areas of genetically altered urothelium. A model is put forward in which the tumor process is initiated by genetically altered but histologically normal cells that produce fields of altered cells by intraepithelial displacement. By the accumulation of further genetic changes the fields of altered urothelium reaches a state of criticality, which locally may produce frank tumors.
机译：根据最近的分子研究，回顾了上皮内迁移，管腔内播种和田间癌化的过程，作为尿路上皮细胞癌（UCC）的发生，扩散和复发的模型。关于同步和异时肿瘤的累积分子数据表明，大多数复发和多发性肿瘤是单克隆的。分子数据还显示了前体病变以及正常尿道上皮细胞中存在染色体和遗传变化。膀胱切除术的膀胱的遗传组织学图谱显示，明显的肿瘤在基因改变的尿路上皮区域以局部事件的形式发生。提出了一种模型，其中肿瘤过程是由遗传改变但组织学正常的细胞引发的，该细胞通过上皮内移位产生改变的细胞。通过进一步遗传改变的积累，尿路上皮改变的领域达到临界状态，其可能在局部产生坦率的肿瘤。

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