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首页> 外文期刊>Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine >Ventilator-associated pneumonia
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Ventilator-associated pneumonia

机译：呼吸机相关性肺炎

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Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is an iatrogenic pulmonary infection that develops in tracheally intubated patients on mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours. VAP is the nosocomial infection with the greatest impact on patient outcomes and health care costs. Endogenous colonization by aerobic gram-negative pathogens, that is, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of VAP. Several preventive strategies have shown efficacy in decreasing VAP incidence and are often implemented altogether as a prevention bundle. In patients with clinical suspicion of VAP, respiratory samples should be promptly collected. The empiric treatment should be based on the local prevalence of pathogens, duration of hospital stay, and prior antimicrobial therapy. The antibiotics can be stopped or adjusted to more narrow-spectrum once cultures and susceptibilities are available.
机译：呼吸机相关性肺炎（VAP）是一种医源性肺部感染，在机械通气至少48小时后在气管插管患者中发生。 VAP是医院感染，对患者预后和医疗费用影响最大。有氧革兰氏阴性病原体（即绿脓杆菌）和耐甲氧西林的金黄色葡萄球菌的内源定植在VAP的发病机理中起着关键作用。几种预防策略已显示出在降低VAP发生率方面的功效，并且通常作为预防措施一并实施。在临床怀疑有VAP的患者中，应及时收集呼吸道样本。经验性治疗应基于病原体的局部患病率，住院时间和先前的抗菌治疗。一旦培养物和药敏性可用，就可以停止使用抗生素或将其调整为更窄的谱。

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