Objective To analyze the similarities and differences of the pathogens in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and non-ventilator-associated pneumonia(non-VAP) in ICU. Methods There were 123 patients with VAP and 112 patients with non-VAP who were analyzed retrospectively. All patients' sputum samples were cultured, the number of the pathogenic bacteria were counted.Results In non VAP group were detected in pathogenic bacteria of 120 strains and pathogenic bacteria distribution:Leather gram negative bacteria 53.33%,gram positive bacteria 33.33%,fungi 13.34%;in VAP group were detected pathogens 134 strains, pathogen distribution:Leather gram negative bacteria 52.99%, gram positive bacteria 18.66%, fungi 28.36%.The detec-tion rate of Acinetobacter bacilli in VAP group was higher than that in non VAP group (P<0.01). The detection rate of gram positive bacteria in VAP group was lower than that in non VAP group (P<0.01). The detection rate of fungi in VAP group was lower than that in non VAP group (P<0.01).Conclusion The distribution of pathogenic bacteria in patients with VAP and non VAP pa-tients is not exactly the same, G-bacteria are the main pathogenic bacteria, and the detection rate of G+ in the VAP group was lower than non VAP group, the detection rate of fungi is higher than that of VAP group.%目的：分析呼吸机相关性肺炎与非呼吸机相关性肺炎的病原菌在ICU患者中分布的是否相同。方法回顾性分析我院ICU呼吸机相关性肺炎患者123例、非呼吸机相关性肺炎患者112例的痰液培养标本的结果，统计各病原菌株数，并进行统计学分析。结果在非VAP组中，共检出病原菌120株，病原菌分布为：革兰阴性菌53.33%、革兰阳性菌33.33%、真菌13.34%；在VAP组中，共检出病原菌134株，病原菌分布为：革兰阴性菌52.99%、革兰阳性菌18.66%、真菌28.36%。鲍氏不动杆菌在VAP组的检出率高于非VAP组（P＜0.01），革兰阳性菌在VAP组的检出率低于非VAP组（P＜0.01），真菌在VAP组的检出率低于非VAP组（P＜0.01）。结论 VAP患者与非VAP患者的病原菌分布并不完全相同，G-菌同是二者的主要致病菌，而G+在VAP组的检出率低于非VAP组，真菌的检出率高于VAP组。
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