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首页> 外文期刊>Sexually transmitted diseases >Screening for sexually transmitted diseases in short-term correctional institutions: Summary of evidence reviewed for the 2010 centers for disease control and prevention sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines
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Screening for sexually transmitted diseases in short-term correctional institutions: Summary of evidence reviewed for the 2010 centers for disease control and prevention sexually transmitted diseases treatment guidelines

机译：在短期教养所中筛查性传播疾病：2010年疾病控制和预防性传播疾病治疗指南中心审查的证据摘要

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摘要

Young persons entering US jails and youth detention facilities have high rates of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention added STD screening guidelines specific to correctional settings to the 2010 STD Treatment Guidelines. This article summarizes published evidence from 1990 to 2009 used to develop the recommendations. The literature supports routine screening of adolescents and young women (aged ≤35 years, or on the basis of local institutional prevalence data) for chlamydia and gonorrhea because of high prevalence and the subsequent risk of adverse reproductive outcomes. Chlamydia positivity among young women (aged <20 years) in juvenile detention facilities and adult facilities is more than 14%. Men in correctional settings are also at high risk for chlamydia and gonorrhea. Among boys in juvenile detention facilities, chlamydia positivity is estimated at 6.6%; among young men in adult facilities, positivity is 16.6%. Screening men (to reduce sequelae among women) should be considered based on local epidemiology and resource availability. Syphilis screening is not strongly supported in published literature because of low prevalence and is not routinely recommended; however, some screening may be warranted based on local prevalence. Although there is a great diversity in the organization of correctional facilities, implementation of screening recommendations is possible owing to improvements in test technology (urine specimens) and through integration of a standard screening protocol. Based on the high burden of disease and substantial opportunities to reach a high-risk population, correctional facilities are important venues to target efforts to control STDs.
机译：进入美国监狱和青年拘留所的年轻人的性传播疾病（STD）发病率很高。疾病控制与预防中心在2010 STD治疗指南中增加了针对矫正设置的性病筛查指南。本文总结了1990年至2009年用于制定建议的公开证据。文献支持常规筛查青少年和年轻妇女（年龄≤35岁，或根据当地机构的患病率），以检查是否存在衣原体和淋病，因为该病患病率较高，且随后会产生不利的生殖结果。在少年拘留设施和成人设施中的年轻女性（<20岁）的衣原体阳性率超过14％。处于矫正环境中的男性也有衣原体和淋病的高风险。在少年拘留所的男孩中，衣原体阳性率估计为6.6％。在成人设施中的年轻人中，阳性率为16.6％。应根据当地的流行病学和可获得的资源，考虑对男性进行筛查（以减少女性的后遗症）。梅毒筛查由于流行率低而未得到大力支持，因此不建议常规使用;但是，可能需要根据当地患病率进行筛查。尽管教养设施的组织形式存在很大差异，但由于测试技术（尿液样本）的改进以及通过整合标准筛查规程，筛查建议的实施仍是可能的。基于疾病的高负担和接触高危人群的大量机会，教养设施是控制性病工作的重要场所。

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