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首页> 外文期刊>Smart Materials & Structures >New compliant strain gauges for self-sensing dynamic deformation of flapping wings on miniature air vehicles
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New compliant strain gauges for self-sensing dynamic deformation of flapping wings on miniature air vehicles

机译：新型顺应应变仪，可对微型飞行器的襟翼自动感应动态变形

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Over the past several years there has been an increasing interest in the development of miniature air vehicles (MAVs) with flapping wings. To allow these MAVs to adjust to changes in wind direction and to maximize their efficiency, it is desirable to monitor the deformation of the wing during flight. This paper presents a step in this direction, demonstrating the measurement of strain on the surface of the wing using minimally invasive compliant piezoresistive sensors. The strain gauges consisted of latex mixed with electrically conducting exfoliated graphite, and they were applied by spray coating. To calibrate the gauges, both static and dynamic testing up to 10 Hz were performed using cantilever structures. In tension the static sensitivity was a linear 0.4 Ω με~(-1) and the gauge factor was 28; in compression, the gauge factor was -5. Although sensitivities in tension and compression differed by a factor of almost six, this was not reflected in the dynamic data, which followed the strain reversibly with little distortion. There was no attenuation with frequency, indicating a sufficiently small time constant for this application. The gauges were thin, compliant, and light enough to measure, without interference, deformations due to shape changes of the flexible wing associated with generating lift and thrust. During flapping the resistance closely tracked the generated thrust, measured on a test stand, with both signals tracing figure-8 loops as a function of wing position throughout each cycle.
机译：在过去的几年中，人们对开发带有侧翼拍打的微型飞行器（MAV）的兴趣日益增加。为了使这些MAV能够适应风向的变化并最大程度地提高效率，需要在飞行过程中监控机翼的变形。本文介绍了朝这个方向迈出的一步，展示了使用微创柔性压电电阻传感器测量机翼表面应变的方法。应变仪由乳胶和导电的脱落石墨混合而成，并通过喷涂进行涂覆。为了校准量规，使用悬臂结构进行了高达10 Hz的静态和动态测试。在张力下，静态灵敏度为线性0.4Ωμε〜（-1），规格系数为28。在压缩中，规格系数是-5。尽管拉伸和压缩的敏感性相差近六倍，但这并未反映在动态数据中，该数据可逆地跟随应变而几乎没有变形。没有随频率的衰减，表明该应用的时间常数足够小。仪表薄，柔顺，轻便，足以在没有干扰的情况下测量与产生升力和推力有关的挠性机翼形状变化引起的变形。在扑翼过程中，阻力紧密跟踪了在试验台上测得的推力，两个信号跟踪图8的回圈随机翼位置在整个周期内变化。

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