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Coupled chemo-electro-mechanical finite element simulation of hydrogels: I. Chemical stimulation

机译:水凝胶的化学-机电耦合有限元模拟:I.化学刺激

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Polyelectrolyte gels are viscoelastic adaptive materials with enormous swelling capabilities under the influence of different kinds of stimulation, e.g. chemical, electrical or thermal. This unique property makes them very attractive for 'pseudomuscular' actuators. In this paper we investigate the mechanism of the chemical stimulation, by changing the salt concentration in the solution bath surrounding the gel. By applying a fully coupled chemo-electro-mechanical model, the change of the concentrations, of the electric potential and of the displacement are investigated when varying the ambient chemical conditions. The change of the mechanical displacement and the gel geometry is realized by the change of the osmotic pressure difference between the gel and the solution. The volume change of the gel leads to a change in the concentration of bound anionic groups while keeping their mole number constant. It is shown that the full coupling of the mechanical and the chemo-electrical field is necessary and that it is a real improvement to the previously developed one-way chemo-electric to mechanical coupling. It is demonstrated that the fully coupled model works as a kind of limiter for the change of the chemo-electric unknowns and thus for the gel deformation. A qualitative comparison with experimental results shows the validity of the fully coupled chemo-electro-mechanical model for chemical stimulation.
机译:聚电解质凝胶是粘弹性的适应性材料,在不同刺激类型(例如刺激)的影响下具有巨大的溶胀能力。化学,电气或热学。这种独特的性能使它们对于“假性”执行器非常有吸引力。在本文中,我们通过改变凝胶周围溶液浴中的盐浓度来研究化学刺激的机理。通过应用完全耦合的化学-化学-机械模型,可以在改变环境化学条件时研究浓度,电势和位移的变化。机械位移和凝胶几何形状的变化是通过改变凝胶和溶液之间的渗透压差来实现的。凝胶的体积变化导致结合的阴离子基团的浓度变化,同时保持它们的摩尔数恒定。结果表明,机械和化学电场的完全耦合是必要的,并且它是对先前开发的单向化学-电-机械耦合的真正改进。结果表明,完全耦合模型可作为一种限制剂,用于限制化学电未知物的变化,从而抑制凝胶的变形。与实验结果的定性比较表明,完全耦合的化学机械模型对化学刺激的有效性。

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