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Quantification of hysteresis and nonlinear effects on the frequency response of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials

机译:磁滞和非线性效应对铁电和铁磁材料频率响应的量化

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摘要

Ferroelectric (e.g., PZT and PMN) and ferromagnetic (e.g., Terfenol-D) materials exhibit high energy densities, broadband drive capabilities, and the capacity for both actuating and sensing. This makes them attractive as compact transducers for a wide range of applications. However, the materials also exhibit hysteresis and constitutive nonlinearities, at all drive levels, that must be quantified and accommodated to achieve stringent tracking requirements. Whereas considerable effort has been made on model development and understanding these materials in the parameter space and time domain, comprehensive quantification of these effects in the frequency domain is currently lacking. In this paper, we employ the homogenized energy model, in combination with thin beam theory, to quantify the frequency domain behavior of ferroelectric and ferromagnetic materials. This model combines energy analysis at the lattice level with stochastic homogenization techniques to provide a framework that effectively quantifies the effect of hysteresis, constitutive nonlinearities, bias fields and AC drive levels on the material dynamics in both the time and frequency domains. Aspects of the model are illustrated and validated through numerical and experimental examples.
机译:铁电材料(例如PZT和PMN)和铁磁材料(例如Terfenol-D)具有高能量密度,宽带驱动能力以及致动和传感能力。这使它们作为紧凑型换能器具有广泛的应用前景。但是,这些材料在所有驱动级别上也都表现出滞后性和本构非线性,必须对其进行量化和调整以实现严格的跟踪要求。尽管已经在模型开发和在参数空间和时域上理解这些材料方面做出了巨大努力,但是目前仍缺乏在频域中对这些影响的全面量化。在本文中,我们采用均质能量模型,结合薄波束理论,来量化铁电和铁磁材料的频域行为。该模型将晶格级的能量分析与随机均化技术相结合,提供了一个框架,可有效地量化磁滞,本构非线性,偏置场和交流驱动水平对时域和频域中材料动力学的影响。该模型的各个方面通过数值和实验示例进行了说明和验证。

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