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Out-of-season control of reproduction in subtropical goats without exogenous hormonal treatments

机译：未经外源激素治疗的亚热带山羊的反季节控制繁殖

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摘要

Some breeds of goats originating from or adapted to subtropical latitudes display seasonal variations of their annual rhythm of reproduction. The reproductive seasonality causes a seasonal production of goat-derived products affecting producers, goats' meat and milk industry and consumers. A good knowledge of the annual rhythm of reproduction, as well as the identification of the major environmental cues controlling this rhythm in both males and females, is necessary to draw new and sustainable techniques to induce a synchronized reproductive activity outside the natural breeding season and therefore to increase the out-of-season availability of the goat-derived products. This knowledge allows to control caprine reproduction without the use of exogenous hormones, and to develop techniques adapted to the environmental, economic and social characteristics of the breeding systems. Thus, in this review we will describe how photoperiodic treatments can be used to induce the sexual activity of male goats during the period of sexual rest. Then, we will describe how these photo-stimulated males were used to induce and synchronize the sexual activity of anestrous goats maintained in intensive or extensive management conditions by means of the male effect. In subtropical latitudes, the use of the male effect performed by using photo-stimulated bucks constitutes an original and sustainable way to control goats' reproduction
机译：源自或适应亚热带纬度的某些山羊品种的年繁殖节奏表现出季节性变化。繁殖季节会导致山羊衍生产品的季节性生产，从而影响生产者，山羊肉和奶行业以及消费者。掌握年度繁殖节律的知识，以及确定雄性和雌性节律的主要环境线索，对于借鉴新的可持续技术来诱导自然繁殖季节之外的同步繁殖活动是必要的，因此以增加山羊衍生产品的反季节供应。这种知识可以在不使用外源激素的情况下控制山羊的繁殖，并开发适应育种系统的环境，经济和社会特征的技术。因此，在这篇综述中，我们将描述在性休息期间如何使用光周期疗法诱导雄性山羊的性活动。然后，我们将描述如何使用这些受光刺激的雄性通过雄性效应来诱导和同步在强化或广泛管理条件下维持的无情山羊的性活动。在亚热带纬度，通过使用受光刺激的雄鹿来发挥雄性效应，是控制山羊繁殖的原始且可持续的方式

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