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首页> 外文期刊>Social science and medicine >The crowding-out effects of tobacco and alcohol where expenditure shares are low: analyzing expenditure data for Taiwan.
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The crowding-out effects of tobacco and alcohol where expenditure shares are low: analyzing expenditure data for Taiwan.

机译：支出份额低的烟草和酒精的挤出效应：分析台湾的支出数据。

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摘要

In this paper, we used data from the 2004 Survey of Family Income & Expenditure of Taiwan to show that the problem of the crowding-out effects of tobacco and alcohol in a country with low expenditure can still be serious. Most studies that have investigated this issue have focused on developing countries with a high expenditure share on tobacco or alcohol, and have often overlooked the effects in countries with a low expenditure on such goods. After controlling for the endogeneity of tobacco and alcohol expenditure, and the possibility that households with a zero expenditure on tobacco and alcohol may result from a corner solution rather than abstention, we found that the lowest income households are still most vulnerable to tobacco and alcohol expenditures despite an overall low expenditure in Taiwan. Even higher income households may suffer a lower standard of living due to such expenditure. In addition, some goods and services may be perceived differently by households with different levels of income and this may be caused by the difference in composition across broad expenditure categories. Our results suggest that the government ought to tackle the problem of smoking and drinking outside the realm of health, since these expenditures may harm the country's standard of living even when there is high income.
机译：在本文中，我们使用了2004年台湾家庭收入和支出调查的数据，表明在一个低支出的国家，烟酒的排挤效应仍然很严重。大多数研究此问题的研究都集中在烟草或酒精方面支出高的发展中国家，而往往忽略了在此类产品上支出低的国家的影响。在控制了烟草和酒精支出的内生性，以及对烟草和酒精支出为零的家庭可能由边角解决方案而不是弃权制造成的可能性之后，我们发现收入最低的家庭仍然最容易受到烟草和酒精支出的影响尽管台湾的总体支出较低。即使是高收入家庭，也可能由于这种支出而生活水平降低。此外，收入水平不同的家庭对某些商品和服务的看法可能不同，这可能是由于广泛支出类别的构成差异所致。我们的结果表明，政府应该解决健康领域之外的吸烟和饮酒问题，因为即使在高收入的情况下，这些支出也可能损害该国的生活水平。

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