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Exploring socio-cultural factors that mediate, facilitate, & constrain the health and empowerment of refugee youth

机译：探索介导，促进和限制难民青年的健康和赋权的社会文化因素

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摘要

Studies on youth health and well-being are predominantly quantitative and expert-driven with less attention given to how youth understand what it means to be healthy themselves and the role of socio-cultural factors in shaping this. Knowledge on the perceptions and experiences of refugee youth is particularly lacking and notable given their unique stressors related to migratory, settlement and integration experiences. We contribute a better understanding of how refugee youth themselves define and contextualize health, with particular emphasis given to socio-cultural factors that enable or constrain health promotion efforts and individual health agency. This research was undertaken at a downtown drop-in centre in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada that provided settlement and integration services to newcomer youth. We employ a grounded theory approach and draw upon participant observation, focus groups and in-depth interviews. Twenty-six youth (age 18-25 years), representing 12 different countries of origin participated. The youth defined health very broadly touching upon many typical determinants of health (e.g. education, income, etc.). Yet factors of most importance (as demonstrated by the frequency and urgency in which they were discussed by youth) included a sense of belonging, positive self-identity, emotional well-being, and sense of agency or self-determination. We conceptualize these as "mediating" factors given the youth argued they enabled or constrained their ability to cope with adversities related to other health determinant categories. The youth also discussed what we interpret as "facilitators" that encourage mediating factors to manifest positively (e.g. informal, non-biomedical settings and programs that nurture trust, break down access barriers, and promote a sense of community amongst peers, mentors, and health professionals). When creating health promotion strategies for refugee youth (and perhaps youth more generally) it is important to understand the factors that may mediate the magnitude of effects from various risks/stressors, in addition to those which facilitate health agency.
机译：关于青年健康和福祉的研究主要是定量研究，并且由专家推动，对青年如何理解自己健康的意义以及社会文化因素在塑造健康方面的作用的关注较少。鉴于他们对移民，定居和融合经历的独特压力，尤其缺乏和值得注意的是关于难民青年的观念和经历的知识。我们对难民青年自己如何定义健康和如何使健康产生更好的理解，特别强调了能够或限制健康促进工作和个人卫生机构的社会文化因素。这项研究是在加拿大安大略省汉密尔顿市的一个繁华中心进行的，该中心为新来的年轻人提供定居和融合服务。我们采用扎根的理论方法，并借鉴了参与者的观察，焦点小组和深入的访谈。代表12个不同原籍国的26名青年（年龄18-25岁）参加了会议。年轻人对健康的定义非常广泛，涉及许多健康的典型决定因素（例如教育，收入等）。然而，最重要的因素（青年人讨论它们的频率和紧迫性证明了这一点）包括归属感，积极的自我认同，情感幸福以及代理或自决的感觉。鉴于年轻人认为他们启用或限制了他们应对与其他健康决定因素类别相关的逆境的能力，我们将这些概念化为“中介”因素。青年还讨论了我们认为是“调解人”，它们鼓励调解因素积极发挥作用（例如，非正式的非生物医学环境和计划，以培养信任，打破准入障碍并在同龄人，导师和健康中促进社区意识专业人员）。在为难民青年（也许是更广泛的青年）制定健康促进策略时，重要的是要了解除能促进卫生机构的因素外，还可以介导各种风险/压力源影响程度的因素。

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