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首页> 外文期刊>Soil & Tillage Research >Spatial heterogeneity of surface roughness during different erosive stages of tilled loess slopes under a rainfall intensity of 1.5 mm min(-1)
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Spatial heterogeneity of surface roughness during different erosive stages of tilled loess slopes under a rainfall intensity of 1.5 mm min(-1)

机译：1.5 mm min（-1）降雨下耕ed黄土坡不同侵蚀阶段表面粗糙度的空间异质性

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摘要

The loess tilled slopes of the Chinese Loess Plateau are an area of serious soil erosion problems. Knowing the spatial heterogeneity of surface roughness (SR) will contribute to the understanding of the developmental process of slope erosion and reveal the coupled relationship between SR and slope erosion in this area. The objective of this study was to examine the spatial heterogeneity of SR of four typical tilled loess slopes during successive stages of soil erosion under a simulated rainfall: before rain (BR), splash erosion (SpE), sheet erosion (ShE) and rill erosion (RE). Soil surface elevation was measured and analyzed with both the semivariogram function and fractal dimension models. All four tilled slopes: artificial backhoe (AB), artificial digging (AD), contour tillage (CT) and linear slope (CK) had strong spatial autocorrelations and relatively stable spatial structure during the evolution of the erosion process. Rainfall in the SpE and ShE had a certain relief effect on SR. The fractal dimension of the SR at Various erosion stages ranged from 1.54 to 1.86. All tillage methods showed a reduction in their SR variances at scales larger than 40 cm, with CK showing the smallest reduction, followed by AB, AD, and then CT. Contrarily, these tillage methods displayed a similar trend of increasing SR variances at scales less than 40 cm; increasingly weaker soil and water conservation effects were noted for these slopes. Since the SR of the 15 slope had a stronger spatial heterogeneity, it is expected to have a more potent inhibition of soil erosion at this slope than at other slope gradients. The overall autocorrelation scale of SR was 2.84 m, although it differed under various tillage measures and slope gradients. The results of multifractal analysis reflected the spatial heterogeneity of SR at diverse scales or at different erosion processes better than a single fractal dimension. In this paper, we not only reveal the coupling relationship between SR of micro-topography and erosion, but also lay a theoretical foundation to guide future tillage practices on sloping areas of the Loess Plateau. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：黄土高原的黄土耕作坡度是一个严重的土壤侵蚀问题地区。了解表面粗糙度（SR）的空间异质性将有助于理解边坡侵蚀的发展过程，并揭示该区域SR与边坡侵蚀之间的耦合关系。这项研究的目的是在模拟降雨条件下研究四个典型的耕种黄土边坡在土壤侵蚀连续阶段SR的空间异质性：降雨（BR），飞溅侵蚀（SpE），片状侵蚀（ShE）和小溪侵蚀（回覆）。使用半变异函数函数和分形维数模型对土壤表面高程进行了测量和分析。在侵蚀过程的演变过程中，人工反铲（AB），人工挖掘（AD），等高耕作（CT）和线性斜坡（CK）这四个耕作坡度都有很强的空间自相关性和相对稳定的空间结构。 SpE和ShE中的降雨对SR有一定的缓解作用。 SR在不同侵蚀阶段的分形维数范围为1.54至1.86。所有耕作方法在大于40 cm的尺度上均显示出其SR变异的减少，其中CK显示的减少最小，其次是AB，AD，然后是CT。相反，这些耕作方法在小于40 cm的尺度上显示出类似的SR变化趋势;这些斜坡的水土保持作用日益减弱。由于15个坡度的SR具有更强的空间异质性，因此与其他坡度相比，预期该坡度对土壤侵蚀的抑制作用更强。 SR的整体自相关规模为2.84 m，尽管它在各种耕作措施和坡度梯度下都不同。多重分形分析的结果比单一分形维数更好地反映了SR在不同尺度或不同侵蚀过程中的空间异质性。本文不仅揭示了微地形SR与侵蚀之间的耦合关系，而且为指导黄土高原坡地耕作实践提供了理论基础。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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