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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Biology & Biochemistry >Can ectomycorrhizal fungi circumvent the nitrogen mineralization for plant nutrition in temperate forest ecosystems?
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Can ectomycorrhizal fungi circumvent the nitrogen mineralization for plant nutrition in temperate forest ecosystems?

机译：温带森林生态系统中的外生菌根真菌能否规避氮矿化以获取植物营养？

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摘要

Nitrogen (N) limits plant growth in many forest ecosystems. The largest N pool in the plant-soil system is typically organic, contained primarily within the living plants and in the humus and litter layers of the soil. Understanding the pathways by which plants obtain N is a priority for clarifying N cycling processes in forest ecosystems. In this review, the interactions between saprotrophic microorganisms and ectomycorrhizal fungi in N nutrition with a focus on the ability of ectomycorrhizal fungi to circumvent N mineralization for the nutrition of plants in forest ecosystems will be discussed. Traditionally, it is believed that in order for plants to fulfill their N requirements, they primarily utilize ammonium (NH sub(4[super]+) and nitrate (NO) sub(3)[super]-). In temperate forest ecosystems, many woody plants form ectomycorrhizas which significantly improves phosphorus (P) and N acquisition by plants. Under laboratory conditions, ectomycorrhizal fungi have also been proven to be able to obtain N from organic sources such as protein. It was thus proposed that ectomycorrhizal fungi potentially circumvent the standard N cycle involving N mineralization by saprotrophic microorganisms. However, in many forest ecosystems the majority of the proteins in the forest floor form complexes with polyphenols. Direct access of N by ectomycorrhizal fungi from a polyphenol-protein complex may be limited. Ectomycorrhizal fungi may depend on saprotrophic microorganisms to liberate organic N sources from polyphenol complexes. Thus, interactions between saprotrophic microorganisms and ectomycorrhizal fungi are likely to be essential in the cycling of N within temperate forest ecosystems.
机译：氮限制了许多森林生态系统中的植物生长。植物-土壤系统中最大的氮库通常是有机物，主要包含在有生命的植物以及土壤的腐殖质和枯枝落叶层中。了解植物获取氮的途径是阐明森林生态系统中N循环过程的首要任务。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论营养养分微生物与氮营养中的菌根真菌之间的相互作用，并着重讨论菌根真菌为森林生态系统中的植物营养规避氮矿化的能力。传统上认为，为了使植物满足其氮需求，它们主要利用铵（NH sub（4super +）和硝酸盐（NO）sub（3super）-）。在温带森林生态系统中，许多木本植物会形成表皮菌根，从而显着改善植物对磷（P）和氮的吸收。在实验室条件下，外生菌根真菌也已被证明能够从有机来源（如蛋白质）中获得N。因此，有人提出，外生菌根真菌可能会绕过涉及由腐生微生物引起的氮矿化的标准氮循环。但是，在许多森林生态系统中，林层中的大多数蛋白质与多酚形成复合物。外植根真菌从多酚-蛋白质复合物中直接进入N可能受到限制。外生菌根真菌可能依赖腐生微生物从多酚复合物中释放出有机氮源。因此，在温带森林生态系统内氮的循环过程中，腐生微生物与菌根真菌之间的相互作用可能是必不可少的。

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