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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Biology & Biochemistry >Determination of microbial biomass and fungal and bacterial distribution in cattle faeces
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Determination of microbial biomass and fungal and bacterial distribution in cattle faeces

机译：牛粪中微生物量，真菌和细菌分布的测定

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摘要

As an important component of organic fertilizers, animal faeces require methods for determining diet effects on their microbial quality to improve nutrient use efficiency in soil and to decrease gaseous greenhouse emissions to the environment. The objectives of the present study were (i) to apply the chloroform fumigation extraction (CFE) method for determining microbial biomass in cattle faeces, (ii) to determine the fungal cell-membrane component ergosterol, and (iii) to measure the cell-wall components fungal glucosamine and bacterial muramic acid as indices for the microbial community structure. Additionally, ergosterol and amino sugar data provide independent control values for the reliability of the microbial biomass range obtained by the CFE method. A variety of extractant solutions were tested for the CFE method to obtain stable extracts and reproducible microbial biomass C and N values, leading to the replacement of the original 0.5 M K sub(2SO) sub(4) extractant for 0.05 M CuSO sub(4. The plausibility of the data was assessed in a 28-day incubation study at 25 掳C with cattle faeces of one heifer, where microbial biomass C and N were repeatedly measured together with ergosterol. Here, the microbial biomass indices showed dynamic characteristics and possible shifts in the microbial community. In faeces of five different heifers, the mean microbial biomass C/N ratio was 5.6, the mean microbial biomass to organic C ratio was 2.2%, and the mean ergosterol to microbial biomass C ratio was 1.1ppt. Ergosterol and amino sugar analysis revealed a significant contribution of fungi, with a percentage of more than 40% to the microbial community. All three methods are expected to be suitable tools for analysing the quality of cattle faeces.)
机译：作为有机肥料的重要组成部分，动物粪便需要确定饮食对其微生物质量的影响的方法，以提高土壤中养分的利用效率并减少温室气体向环境的排放。本研究的目标是（i）应用氯仿熏蒸提取（CFE）方法确定牛粪中的微生物生物量，（ii）确定真菌细胞膜成分麦角固醇，以及（iii）测量细胞-壁的成分是真菌葡糖胺和细菌性山mura酸，作为微生物群落结构的指标。此外，麦角固醇和氨基糖数据为通过CFE方法获得的微生物生物量范围的可靠性提供了独立的控制值。测试了多种萃取剂溶液的CFE方法，以获得稳定的萃取物和可再现的微生物生物量C和N值，从而导致将原来的0.5 MK sub（2SO）sub（4）萃取剂替换为0.05 M CuSO sub（4）。该数据的合理性是在25摄氏度下与一只小母牛的牛粪一起进行的为期28天的孵育研究中评估的，该微生物的生物量C和N与麦角固醇一起被重复测量，此处的微生物量指数显示出动态特征和可能的变化在五个不同的小母牛的粪便中，平均微生物生物量碳/氮比为5.6，平均微生物生物量/有机碳比为2.2％，平均麦角固醇/微生物生物量C比为1.1ppt。氨基糖分析显示真菌的显着贡献，占微生物群落的比例超过40％。这三种方法有望成为分析牛粪质量的合适工具。

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