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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Biology & Biochemistry >Biochar mediated alterations in herbicide breakdown and leaching in soil
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Biochar mediated alterations in herbicide breakdown and leaching in soil

机译：生物炭介导的除草剂分解和土壤淋溶变化

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Biochar application to soil has been proposed as a mechanism for improving soil quality and the long term sequestration of carbon. The implications of biochar on pesticide behavior, particularly in the longer term, however, remains poorly understood. Here we evaluated the influence of biochar type, time after incorporation into soil, dose rate and particle size on the sorption, biodegradation and leaching of the herbicide simazine. We show that typical agronomic application rates of biochar (10-100 t ha(-1)) led to alterations in soil water herbicide concentrations, availability, transport and spatial heterogeneity. Overall, biochar suppressed simazine biodegradation and reduced simazine leaching. These responses were induced by a rapid and strong sorption of simazine to the biochar which limits its availability to microbial communities. Spatial imaging of C-14-labeled simazine revealed concentrated hotpsots of herbicide co-localized with biochar in the soil profile. The rate of simazine mineralization, amount of sorption and leaching was inversely correlated with biochar particle size. Biochar aged in the field for 2 years had the same effect as fresh biochar on the sorption and mineralization of simazine, suggesting that the effects of biochar on herbicide behavior may be long lasting. We conclude that biochar application to soil will reduce the dissipation of foliar applied pesticides decreasing the risk of environmental contamination and human exposure via transfer in the food chain, but may affect the efficacy of soil-applied herbicides
机译：已经提出将生物炭应用到土壤中作为改善土壤质量和长期固存碳的机制。然而，生物炭对农药行为的影响，尤其是从长期来看，仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们评估了生物炭类型，掺入土壤后的时间，剂量率和粒径对除草剂辛嗪的吸附，生物降解和浸出的影响。我们表明典型的生物炭的农艺应用率（10-100 t ha（-1））导致土壤水除草剂浓度，可用性，运输和空间异质性的变化。总体而言，生物炭抑制了simazine的生物降解并减少了simazine的浸出。这些反应是由于simazine对生物炭的快速而强烈的吸附而引起的，从而限制了其对微生物群落的利用。 C-14标记的Simazine的空间成像显示在土壤剖面中与生物炭共定位的浓缩除草剂浓缩物。 simazine矿化速率，吸附和浸出量与生物炭粒径成反比。在田间老化2年的生物炭对新鲜生物炭的吸收和矿化具有相同的作用，这表明生物炭对除草剂行为的影响可能是持久的。我们的结论是，向土壤中施用生物炭将减少叶面施用农药的耗散，从而通过食物链转移降低环境污染和人类暴露的风险，但可能会影响土壤施用除草剂的功效

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