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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Biology & Biochemistry >Crop residue influence on denitrification, N2O emissions and denitrifier community abundance in soil
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Crop residue influence on denitrification, N2O emissions and denitrifier community abundance in soil

机译：作物残渣对土壤中反硝化，N2O排放和反硝化菌群落丰度的影响

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Bacterial denitrification plays an important role in the global nitrogen cycle and is a principal contributor of nitrous oxide (N2O) to the atmosphere. The influence of simple (glucose) and complex (red clover and barley residue) carbon (C) sources on the amount of denitrification, N2O molar ratio (N2O:(N2 + N2O)), and abundance of soil total bacterial and denitrifier communities was investigated using repacked soil cores. Quantitative PCR was used to determine the abundance of the total bacterial community (16S rRNA gene) and components of the denitrifier community, cnorBP (Pseudomonas mandelii and related species), cnorBB (Bosea/Bradyrhizobium/Ensifer spp.) and nosZ gene bearing communities. The relationship between the supply of, and demand for, terminal electron acceptors (TEAs), as determined by the relative availability of C and nitrate (NO3(-)), influenced the amount of denitrification and the N2O molar ratio for both simple and complex C sources. Addition of glucose and red clover to the soil increased microbial activity, leading to NO3(-) depletion and an increased consumption of N2O, whereas in soil amended with barley straw, there was not sufficient stimulation of microbial activity to create sufficient TEA demand to cause a measurable increase in emissions. This resulted in a higher N2O molar ratio at the end of the incubation for the barley straw amended soil. A significant relationship (R2 = 0.83) was found between respiration and cumulative denitrification, suggesting that the available C increased microbial activity and O2 consumption, which led to conditions favorable for denitrification. The source of C did not significantly affect the total bacterial community or the nosZ copy numbers with an average of 4.9 x 10(7) 16S rRNA gene copies g-1 dry soil and 4.6 x 10(6) nosZ gene copies g-1 dry soil, respectively. The addition of red clover plus NO3(-) significantly increased the cnorBP denitrifier community in comparison with the unamended control while the density of the cnorBP denitrifier community increased from 3.9 x 10(4) copies g-1 dry soil to a maximum of 8.7 x 10(5) copies g-1 dry soil following addition of glucose plus NO3(-) to soil. No significant correlations were found between the denitrifier community densities and cumulative denitrification or N2O emissions, suggesting that the denitrification activity was decoupled from the denitrifier community abundance.
机译：细菌反硝化在全球氮循环中起着重要作用，并且是一氧化二氮（N2O）向大气中的主要贡献者。简单（葡萄糖）和复杂（红三叶草和大麦残渣）碳（C）源对反硝化量，N2O摩尔比（N2O：（N2 + N2O））以及土壤细菌和反硝化菌总数的影响是使用重新包装的土壤芯进行了调查。使用定量PCR来确定总细菌群落（16S rRNA基因）和反硝化菌群落，cnorBP（曼氏假单胞菌和相关物种），cnorBB（Bosea / Bradyrhizobium / Ensifer spp。）和带有nosZ基因的群落组成的丰度。终端电子受体（TEA）的供求关系由C和硝酸盐（NO3（-））的相对可用性决定，它对简单和复杂的反硝化量和N2O摩尔比都有影响。 C来源。向土壤中添加葡萄糖和红三叶草会增加微生物活性，从而导致NO3（-）耗竭和N2O消耗增加，而在用大麦秸秆改良的土壤中，微生物活性不足以刺激产生足够的TEA需求排放量的显着增加。对于大麦秸秆改良土壤，在培养结束时会导致较高的N2O摩尔比。呼吸作用与累积反硝化作用之间存在显着关系（R2 = 0.83），这表明有效碳增加了微生物活性和氧气消耗，从而导致了有利于反硝化作用的条件。 C的来源没有显着影响总细菌群落或nosZ拷贝数，平均为4.9 x 10（7）16S rRNA基因拷贝g-1干燥土壤和4.6 x 10（6）nosZ基因拷贝g-1干燥土壤。与未经修正的对照相比，添加红三叶草加NO3（-）显着增加了cnorBP反硝化菌群落，而cnorBP反硝化菌群落的密度从3.9 x 10（4）克g-1干燥土壤增加至最大8.7 x向土壤中添加葡萄糖和NO3（-）后，将10（5）复制g-1干燥土壤。在反硝化器群落密度与累积反硝化或N2O排放之间未发现显着相关性，这表明反硝化活性与反硝化器群落的丰度不相关。

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