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Implications of variation in social-ecological systems for the development of U.S. fungal management policy.

机译:社会生态系统变化对制定美国真菌管理政策的影响。

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摘要

Public lands fungal management in the United States developed in direct response to commercial harvesting in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) in the 1980s. In the early 2000s, concerns over declining morel mushroom abundance in national parks in the greater Washington, DC, region (NCR) led to the creation of harvest limits and stimulated research on the social-ecological system of morels in that region. In this article we compare findings from research on morel harvesting conducted at two national parks in the NCR from 2004 to 2007, with fungal management from two federal units in the PNW. We find substantial differences in existing regulatory policies, historical and cultural harvesting practices, and taxonomic and ecological variation in Morchella, indicating the need for regionally specific management. To address these differences, we recommend a participatory approach incorporating the local social-ecological specificities of mushroom harvesting and ecology that are missed at coarser spatial and temporal scales.
机译:美国的公共土地真菌管理是根据1980年代西北太平洋(PNW)的商业化采伐而直接发展的。在2000年代初,对大华盛顿特区(NCR)国家公园中羊肚菌蘑菇丰度下降的担忧导致了收获极限的建立,并刺激了对该地区羊肚菌社会生态系统的研究。在本文中,我们将2004年至2007年在NCR的两个国家公园进行的羊肚菌收获研究与PNW的两个联邦部门进行的真菌管理研究结果进行了比较。我们发现,现有的监管政策,历史和文化采收实践以及羊肚菌的生物分类和生态变化存在重大差异,这表明需要针对特定​​区域进行管理。为了解决这些差异,我们建议采用一种参与性方法,将蘑菇采摘和生态学的当地社会生态学特质纳入较粗糙的时空尺度。

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