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首页> 外文期刊>Renewable Resources Journal >Lessons Learned from Germany's Energiewende:The Political, Governance, Economic, Grid Reliability, and Grip Optimization Bedrock for a Transition to Renewables
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Lessons Learned from Germany's Energiewende:The Political, Governance, Economic, Grid Reliability, and Grip Optimization Bedrock for a Transition to Renewables

机译：从德国的Energiewende中学到的经验：向可再生能源过渡的政治，治理，经济，电网可靠性和抓地力优化基础

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The German example is rife with lessons—pertaining to politics, governance, economics, grid reliability, and grid optimization—-for other countries, such as the United States, to internalize as intermittent renewables become more prevalent in theirgeneration mixes. The German example reveals that, while aligning politics and governance structure for an energy sector transition is a heavy lift reliant on sustained popular sentiment among the public, implementation can occur quickly once these pieces are in place. Economic lessons are nuanced. Macroeconomic costs of Energiewende have placed substantial burdens both on energy-intensive industries and on residential consumers. Associating as an Energiewende proponent requires belief that macroeconomics benefits—such as large employment gains and the establishment of significant market share in an already large industry that's poised to boom—as well as microeconomic indicators, such as rapidly declining prices for re-newables, justify such high short-term costs. Regarding reliability, the German example shows that a grid that derives over a quarter of its power from renewables can become a global leader in supply security given ample reserve capacities and well-developed inter-This article by Peter Sopher, energy policy analyst at Environmental Defense Fund (EDF), was originally published in Volume 6 (2015), Issue 2 of the Renewable Energy Law and Policy Review (RELP). The original version of the article can be accessed at htt
机译：德国的例子很多，包括政治，治理，经济学，电网可靠性和电网优化等方面的经验教训，供其他国家（例如美国）内在化，因为间歇性可再生能源在其发电组合中变得越来越普遍。德国的例子表明，虽然为能源部门的过渡而调整政治和治理结构是一个巨大的举动，这要依靠公众的持续人气，但一旦这些措施到位，就可以迅速实施。经济教训是微妙的。 Energiewende的宏观经济成本给能源密集型产业和居民消费者带来了沉重的负担。作为Energiewende的支持者，需要相信宏观经济的好处（例如大量的就业机会增加以及在已经蓬勃发展的已经很大的行业中建立重要的市场份额）以及微观经济指标（例如可再生能源价格迅速下跌）是合理的如此高的短期成本。关于可靠性，德国的例子表明，由于充足的储备容量和发达的内部机制，从可再生能源中获取四分之一以上电力的电网可以成为供应安全的全球领导者。本文来自环境防御能源政策分析师Peter Sopher基金（EDF），最初发表在《可再生能源法律与政策评论》（RELP）的第6卷（2015），第2期中。文章的原始版本可以在htt访问

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