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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Use and Management >The significance of drilling date and crop cover with reference to soil erosion by water, with implications for mitigating erosion on agricultural land in South East England.
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The significance of drilling date and crop cover with reference to soil erosion by water, with implications for mitigating erosion on agricultural land in South East England.

机译：钻探日期和作物覆盖的意义与水土流失有关，对减轻英格兰东南部农田的水土流失具有重要意义。

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摘要

Early drilling of autumn-planted cereals is strongly advised in UK government publications targeted at farmers, in part as a measure to combat soil erosion by water. However, in years when rainfall is heavy in early autumn, this strategy is ineffective. Late drilling of autumn-planted cereals also increases the risk of erosion, but for a different reason: crop cover develops more slowly in cooler weather, resulting in a longer exposure of nearly bare ground. The crucial factor affecting both strategies is the timing of autumn and early winter rainfall. We discuss a conceptual model based on the notion of a 'window of opportunity' for erosion, comprising the relationship between drilling date, date of attainment of a sufficiently protective crop cover and the timing of rainfall; variations are presented for different weather conditions and management choices. Of these three factors, only the date of drilling can be chosen by the farmer. The date of attaining a sufficiently protective crop cover can only be predicted approximately. The timing of rainfall cannot be predicted. Thus, erosion control advice to farmers, which is based on choice of date of drilling to minimize erosion during the 'window of opportunity', is both difficult to formulate and likely to be ineffective. Sites at risk of erosion need to have better thought-out mitigation measures in place, rather than relying on a fortuitous temporal pattern of autumn and winter rainfall to minimize the risk of erosion.
机译：英国政府针对农民的出版物强烈建议尽早播种秋季播种的谷物，这在一定程度上是为了防止水土流失。但是，在初秋雨水充沛的年份，此策略无效。对秋季播种的谷物进行较晚的钻孔也增加了遭受侵蚀的风险，但出于另一个原因：在较冷的天气中，农作物的生长速度较慢，导致几乎裸露的地面暴露时间更长。影响这两种策略的关键因素是秋季和冬季初降雨的时间。我们基于侵蚀的“机会窗口”概念讨论概念模型，该模型包括钻井日期，获得足够保护性作物覆盖的日期与降雨时间之间的关系。给出了针对不同天气条件和管理选择的变化。在这三个因素中，农民只能选择钻孔日期。只能大致预测获得足够保护性作物的日期。无法预测降雨的时机。因此，基于对钻进日期的选择以在“机会窗口”期间将侵蚀最小化为基础，给农民的侵蚀控制建议既难以制定，也可能无效。有侵蚀风险的地点需要采取更好的深思熟虑的缓解措施，而不是依靠秋冬季降雨的偶然时间模式来最大程度地减少侵蚀风险。

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