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首页> 外文期刊>South African Journal of Geology: Being the Transaction of the Geological Society of South African: Syndie die Verhandelinge van die Geologiese Vereniging van Suid-Afrika >NUMERICAL MODELLING OF MINE DEWATERING AND FLOODING IN THE EVANDER GOLD BASIN, SOUTH AFRICA
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NUMERICAL MODELLING OF MINE DEWATERING AND FLOODING IN THE EVANDER GOLD BASIN, SOUTH AFRICA

机译：南非埃文德金盆地矿山结露与溢流的数值模拟

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摘要

The assessment and prediction of mine water rebound has become increasingly important for the gold mining industry in South Africa. The cessation of mine dewatering has led to large volumes of contaminated discharges in the western parts of the Witwatersrand Basin. Towards the eastern extremity of the Basin, the detached Evander Goldfield has been mined since the early 1950s at depths of between 400 m and 2 000 in below ground level, while overlain by shallower coal mining operations. The hydrogeology of the Evander Basin can be categorised by a shallow weathered-fractured rock aquifer comprising of the glacial and deltaic sediments of the Karoo Supergroup, while the deeper historically confined fractured bedrock aquifer consists predominantly of quartzite with subordinate lava, shale and conglomerate of the Witwatersrand Supergroup. The deep Witwatersrand aquifer has been actively &watered for the past 60 years at a peak rate of 60 ML/d in the mid-to-late 1960s. Modelling the impacts of mine dewatering and flooding on a regional scale as for the Evander Goldfield presents many challenges including the appropriate discretisation of mine voids and the accurate modelling of layered aquifer systems. To predict the environmental impacts of both the historic and future deep-mining operations at Shaft 6, a detailed conceptual model of the aquifer systems and a 3-dimensional model of the mine voids were incorporated into a numerical groundwater model, This model was used to simulate the dewatering and post-closure rebound of the water tables in the vicinity of the mine. This model could serve as an example for the successful modelling of mine dewatering and flooding scenarios for other parts of the Witwatersrand Basin.
机译：矿井水回弹的评估和预测对于南非的金矿开采业变得越来越重要。矿山脱水的停止已导致威特沃特斯兰德盆地西部的大量排放物被污染。自1950年代初以来，在盆地的东端，独立的Evander Goldfield在低于地面的400 m至2 000的深度开采，同时被较浅的煤矿开采所覆盖。伊凡德盆地的水文地质学可以归类为浅层的风化裂缝岩石含水层，其中包括卡鲁超群的冰川和三角洲沉积物，而历史上受约束的更深的裂隙基岩含水层主要由石英岩和次生的熔岩，页岩和砾岩组成。 Witwatersrand超级小组。在过去的60年中，深层的Witwatersrand含水层在1960年代中后期一直以60 ML / d的峰值速率活跃地浇水。像伊万德·金菲尔德（Evander Goldfield）那样，在区域范围内对矿山脱水和洪水的影响进行建模提出了许多挑战，包括矿山孔隙的适当离散化和分层含水层系统的精确建模。为了预测竖井6的历史和未来深层开采活动对环境的影响，将含水层系统的详细概念模型和矿井空洞的3维模型纳入了数值地下水模型，该模型用于模拟矿井附近地下水位的脱水和关闭后回弹。该模型可作为成功对威特沃特斯兰德盆地其他地区的矿井脱水和洪水情形进行建模的示例。

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