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首页> 外文期刊>South African Journal of Botany >Pollination of Plectranthus spp. (Lamiaceae) with sigmoid flowers in southern Africa. (Special Issue: Advances in the pollination biology of South African plants.)
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Pollination of Plectranthus spp. (Lamiaceae) with sigmoid flowers in southern Africa. (Special Issue: Advances in the pollination biology of South African plants.)

机译：侧柏 spp。的授粉。 （唇形科）与S形花在南部非洲。 （特刊：南非植物授粉生物学的进展。）

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Within the South African Plectranthus species two specialized lines of corolla adaptations have evolved. Long-proboscid flies (Nemestrinidae) appear to have driven the development of Plectranthus species with long corolla tubes that are limited to the sub-continent. Plectranthus s.l. (including Coleus) species with sigmoid corollas are far more widespread and evidence presented here supports the hypothesis that this floral type has evolved as a response to melittophily. Thirty percent of southern African Plectranthus species have corolla tubes that are bent to some degree. Pollination of the following four labiate species with sigmoid corollas was studied in detail: Plectranthus petiolaris, P. laxiflorus, P. calycinus and Pycnostachys urticifolia. The pollination of three other species was investigated to a lesser degree: Plectranthus spicatus, P. rehmannii and Aeollanthus parvifolius. Bee pollination is confirmed for P. laxiflorus and Py. urticifolia and is recorded here for the first time in P. petiolaris and P. calycinus. A new group of floral visitors comprising nemestrinid flies of the genus Prosoeca with moderately long proboscids is recorded for P. laxiflorus and P. calycinus, where the corolla tube shape allows visits by medium-proboscid floral visitors. The sigmoid corolla shape limits the type and size of insects that can access nectar and act as pollinators. Explanations for the existence and function of the sigmoid corolla shape are suggested.
机译：在南非 Plectranthus 物种内，已经发展出两种专门的花冠适应系。长喙蝇（Nemestrinidae）似乎已经驱动了长花冠管（仅限于该次大陆）的 Plectranthus 物种的发展。 西洋杉 s.l.乙状花冠的（包括锦鲤）物种更为广泛，这里提供的证据支持了这种花卉类型已经进化为对亲嗜性的反应的假说。南部非洲的30％种类的花冠管弯曲到一定程度。详细研究了以下四个唇形物种与乙状花冠的授粉： Plectranthus petiolaris ， P。 laxiflorus ， P。花萼和 Pycnostachys urticifolia 。对其他三个物种的授粉程度进行了较小程度的调查： Plectranthus spicatus ， P。 rehmannii 和 Aeollanthus parvifolius 。蜜蜂授粉已确认为 P。 laxiflorus 和 Py。荨麻疹，并第一次在这里记录在 P中。 petiolaris 和 P。花萼。记录了一组新的花序访客，其中包括 Prosoeca 的nemestrinid苍蝇和适度长的喙。 laxiflorus 和 P。花椰菜，其中花冠筒的形状允许中等气味的花卉访客造访。乙状花冠形状限制了可以进入花蜜并充当传粉媒介的昆虫的类型和大小。建议对乙状花冠形状的存在和功能进行解释。

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