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首页> 外文期刊>Soil Science Society of America Journal >Comparison of Corn Transpiration, Eddy Covariance, and Soil Water Loss
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Comparison of Corn Transpiration, Eddy Covariance, and Soil Water Loss

机译：玉米蒸腾，涡度协方差和土壤水分流失的比较

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摘要

Sap flow gages are used to estimate plant transpiration (an indirect form of soil water loss), but relatively few studies compare transpiration with other measures of soil water loss. The purpose of this study was to compare two landscape positions for transpiration (T) from sap flow measurements, soil water changes estimated by daily neutron probe readings, and evapotranspiration (ET) determined via eddy covariance and associated microclimate measurements. Monitoring at backslope and toeslope positions occurred for 2 wk during the corn (Zea mays L.) early reproductive stage. Evaporation from soil (E) and potential ET were calculated from microclimate measurements. The T from sap flow measurements plus calculated soil E was significantly higher at the backslope position than the toeslope position. Grain yields were within 3% (9020 vs. 8774 kg ha(-1)) for the toeslope and backslope positions. At the backslope position, crop development was delayed at the milk stage and leaf area index was larger compared with corn at the toeslope position. For July 18th through August 4th, the water table was 0.65 to 0.85 m deep at the toeslope position but 1.70 to 2.28 m deep at the backslope position. Higher water table depths at the toeslope position would supply extra water during dry times compared with the backslope position but could also have caused low temperature stress early in the season. The backslope faced south and could have experienced higher wind speed causing water stress during dry periods. The mid to late 2011 growing season was dry enough to detect landscape position effects.
机译：液流计用于估算植物的蒸腾作用（土壤水分流失的一种间接形式），但相对较少的研究将蒸腾作用与土壤水分流失的其他指标进行了比较。这项研究的目的是比较来自树液流量测量的两个蒸腾作用景观位置（T），通过每日中子探针读数估算的土壤水分变化以及通过涡度协方差和相关的微气候测量值确定的蒸发蒸腾量（ET）。在玉米（Zea mays L.）早期繁殖期的后坡和后坡位置进行了2周的监测。从小气候测量中计算出土壤的蒸发量（E）和潜在的ET。来自树液流量测量的T加上计算出的土壤E在后坡位置处明显高于后坡位置。对于前坡和后坡位置，谷物单产均在3％以内（9020对8774 kg ha（-1））。在后坡位置，与在前坡位置的玉米相比，牛奶阶段的农作物发育被延迟，叶面积指数更大。从7月18日到8月4日，地下水位在前坡位置深为0.65至0.85 m，而在后坡位置深为1.70至2.28 m。与后坡位置相比，在前坡位置较高的地下水位深度将在干旱时间内提供更多的水，但也可能在季节初期引起低温胁迫。后坡面朝南，可能经历了更高的风速，从而在干旱时期造成了水分胁迫。 2011年中期至后期的生长季节非常干燥，足以检测到景观位置的影响。

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