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首页> 外文期刊>Southeastern naturalist >Forage Selection of Native and Nonnative Woody Plants by Beaver in a Rare-Shrub Community in the Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina
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Forage Selection of Native and Nonnative Woody Plants by Beaver in a Rare-Shrub Community in the Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina

机译：海狸在北卡罗来纳州阿巴拉契亚山脉的稀有灌木群落中选择原生和非原生木本植物的觅食

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Castor canadensis (Beaver) is a selective forager that can modify the species composition and structure of plant communities. However, no studies have examined the use of woody plants by Beaver in temperate forests that contain a dominant nonnative plant. We investigated foraging of woody plants by Beaver in a riparian shrub community that is dominated by both native and nonnative species, including the federally threatened shrub, Spiraea virginiana (Virginia Spiraea). We established 48 random, 25-m transects along a 12-km reach of the Cheoah River in the Appalachian Mountains of North Carolina. We sampled woody plants every 5 m using a modified point-centered quarter method to estimate relative abundance and to quantify browsing by Beaver. We used a mixed linear model to determine Beaver forage selection on the 9 most abundant plant species and Virginia Spiraea. We recorded 984 plants of 58 woody species (55 native, 3 nonnative). Beaver browsed 24% of the woody species sampled and 8% of all stems. This finding suggests that the overall effects of browsing in this community were relatively low, likely because of the high gradient and turbulent nature of the Cheoah River. Relative stein abundance and location along the river did not differentially affect local levels of browsing. However, Beaver were selective foragers at both the species and individual-plant level. Of the 9 most abundant species. Carpinus camlinana (Musclewood), Liquidambar styracillua (Sweetgum), and Alnus serrulata (Tag Alder) were selected most often; Lindero henzoin (Spicebush), Virginia Spiraea, Cornus amomum (Silky Dogwood), and Ligustrum sinense (Chinese Privet) were moderately selected. Least frequently selected species were Rhododendron maximum (Rosebay Rhododendron), Leucothoe fontanesiana (Doghobble), and Xanthorhiza simplicissima (Yellowrool.). Browsing appeared to have a positive effect on both the invasive nonnative shrub, Chinese Privet, and the rare Virginia Spiraea by stimulating asexual reproduction and inducing plants to spread through suckering. This study demonstrates the importance of understanding the reproductive strategies of woody plants when gauging the community-wide effects of foraging by Beaver, particularly when an invasive plant species is present.
机译：加拿大蓖麻（海狸）是一种选择性觅食者，可以改变植物群落的物种组成和结构。但是，没有研究检查过海狸在含有优势非本地植物的温带森林中使用木本植物的情况。我们调查了河狸在一个以本地和非本地物种（包括受到联邦威胁的灌木绣线菊（Virginia Spiraea））为主的河岸灌木群落中对木本植物的觅食。我们在北卡罗来纳州阿巴拉契亚山脉的Cheoah河的12公里处建立了48个25米的随机断面。我们使用改进的点中心四分之一方法每5 m对木本植物进行采样，以估计相对丰度并量化Beaver的浏览量。我们使用混合线性模型来确定对9种最丰富植物和弗吉尼亚绣线菊的海狸饲草的选择。我们记录了984种植物，其中包括58种木本植物（55种本地植物，3种非本地植物）。海狸浏览了采样的24％的木质物种和所有茎的8％。这一发现表明，该社区中浏览的总体影响相对较低，这可能是由于Cheoah河的高坡度和湍流性质造成的。沿河的相对施泰因丰度和位置并没有差异性地影响当地的浏览水平。但是，海狸在物种和单株水平上都是选择性的觅食者。在9个最丰富的物种中。经常选择Carpinus camlinana（Musclewood），枫香（Liquidambar styracillua）（Sweetgum）和Serusulrata（Alnus serrulata）（Tag Alder）。选择了Lindero henzoin（Spicebush），Virginia Spiraea，山茱Corn（Silky Dogwood）和sinusrum（Chinese Privet）。最不常选择的物种是最大杜鹃（Rosebay Rhododendron），白叶锦葵（Leucothoe fontanesiana）（Doghobble）和黄单胞菌Xanthorhiza simplicissima（Yellowrool。）。通过刺激无性繁殖并诱导植物通过抽油传播，浏览对入侵性灌木，中国女贞和罕见的弗吉尼亚绣线菊都有积极作用。这项研究表明，在评估海狸觅食对整个社区的影响时，尤其是在存在入侵植物物种时，了解木本植物繁殖策略的重要性。

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